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Community Dentistry
Fluoride is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and is distributed throughout the body. A significant portion of ingested fluoride is excreted through urine. However, fluoride also accumulates in skeletal tissues, including bones and teeth, where
General Medicine
Pinhead stippling of the skull is a sign of increased osteoclastic activity, which is characteristic of hyperparathyroidism. It represents resorption of the outer layer of the bone and is most prominent in the calvaria.
General Pathology
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a malar rash, arthritis, serositis, and the presence of antinuclear antibodies.