NEET MDS Shorts
141980
PhysiologyThe decreased CO2 concentration in the airways can cause bronchoconstriction,
which is the constriction of the airways. This is the correct answer among the
options provided. Here is the detailed explanation:
CO2 (carbon dioxide) is an important regulator of bronchial tone. It acts
primarily through the chemoreceptors located in the carotid body and the
medullary centers of the brain, which respond to changes in the partial pressure
of CO2 in the arterial blood (PaCO2). When the concentration of CO2 in the
airways decreases, it leads to a reduction in the PaCO2. This drop in PaCO2 is
detected by the central nervous system, which then responds to maintain
homeostasis.
The body normally adjusts the diameter of the airways to ensure proper gas
exchange and ventilation. When PaCO2 levels decrease, the respiratory center in
the brain perceives this as an increase in pH (alkalosis), which can be
detrimental to the body's overall homeostasis. To counteract this, the
respiratory center initiates a reflex that can lead to bronchoconstriction. This
reflex is known as the Hering-Breuer reflex. The vagus nerve, which innervates
the airway smooth muscles, is activated by the increase in pH, causing the
release of acetylcholine and other bronchoconstrictive substances. This, in
turn, results in the contraction of the smooth muscles surrounding the
bronchioles, leading to a narrowing of the airway diameter.
Therefore, the correct answer is 2. Constriction of airways.
This response is essential in the regulation of respiration and maintaining the
optimal pH balance in the body. It is part of the body's complex system to
ensure that oxygen and carbon dioxide are properly exchanged in the lungs and
that the blood remains at a slightly alkaline pH level. However, in individuals
with certain respiratory conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchoconstriction can exacerbate their symptoms and
potentially lead to respiratory distress.
282080
MicrobiologyThe minimum and maximum temperature for normal metabolic activity microorganisms that live on or within the human body is 20° C to 45°C
640022
Prosthodontics In anterior teeth, "rests" are ideally prepared and located on the lingual surfaces. This is because the lingual surfaces provide better support for the denture and distribute the occlusal forces more evenly across the palatal mucosa, reducing the risk of denture movement and discomfort.
137044
PeriodonticsThe primary reason for failures in maintaining adequate plaque control is often
a lack of motivation. Patients may understand the importance of oral hygiene but
may not be motivated to implement effective brushing and flossing techniques
consistently.
801090
ProsthodonticsLingual flange in the molar region is determined by the mylohyoid.
502190
Oral PathologyBadges should be worn by dental technicians every 3 months to monitor radiation exposure.
610041
Oral MedicineAmphotericin B is an antifungal agent that works primarily by binding to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, leading to increased permeability and cell death. It is effective against a wide range of fungi and is often used to treat severe systemic infections.
542965
General MedicineThe combination of confusion, tremors, and elevated serum ammonia levels in the setting of alcoholism suggests hepatic encephalopathy, which can occur due to liver dysfunction.