NEET MDS Shorts
922413
MicrobiologyThe bacteria having the highest lipid Content in the cell wall Mycobacterium tuberculosis
323444
MicrobiologySoaps typically have the narrowest effective antimicrobial range among the listed compounds. They are primarily effective against certain bacteria and viruses but may not be as potent against a broader spectrum of pathogens compared to glutaraldehyde or alcohols like 70% isopropanol.
321894
Microbiology
In concentrations usually applied for sterilization purposes, ethylene oxide is preferable to formaldehyde becuase it is more penetrating
958567
Microbiology80 - 100 % so nearly 100 -- 75 % also equally correct
807531
MicrobiologyThe first recognized case in an epidemic outbreak is termed as the index case. Although both the index case and primary case appear to be the same yet they differ slightly. The term primary case refers to the person who first brings a disease into a group of people.
284998
MicrobiologyA classic example of delayed type IV hypersensitivity is the Mantoux tuberculin test in which skin induration indicates exposure to tuberculosis.
This reaction is called "delayed hypersensitivity" because it is mediated by sensitized CD4+ T lymphocytes which process antigens in association with class II HLA molecules and release lymphokines.
The lymphokines promote a reaction (especially mediated through macrophages) beginning in hours but reaching a peak in 2 to 3 days.
Hypersensitivity reactions with this mode of action include:
Granulomatous diseases (mycobacteria, fungi)
Tuberculin skin reactions
Transplant rejection
Contact dermatitis
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) mediated responses: CD8+ T cells are generated and lyse specific cells. Class I HLA molecules play a role. Reactions with this mode include:
Neoplastic cell lysis
Transplant rejection
Virus-infected cell lysis
717623
Microbiology
Lactobacillus is an acidogenic genus found in deep dental caries, that often increases significantly in
the saliva during periods of caries activity
651993
MicrobiologyThe most pronounced effect on the oral microflora of a reduction in rate of salivary flow is a shift towards a more acidogenic microflora