819071

Type 2 diabetes is primarily associated with insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin.

702812

High amylase levels in pleural fluid can indicate either a pancreatic or an esophageal origin of the effusion. It is not specific to one condition and further diagnostic tests are needed to determine the source.

841856

670966

Metoprolol is a beta-blocker, which can cause bronchospasm as a side effect, particularly in patients with a history of respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD. It is important to monitor patients with respiratory diseases closely for signs of bronchospasm when prescribing beta-blockers.

579388

Neurolept analgesia is a state of sedation and analgesia produced by the combined use of a neuroleptic agent and a narcotic analgesic. Neurolept anesthesia, on the other hand, includes the administration of nitrous oxide along with the neuroleptic agent and narcotic analgesic, which induces a deeper state of unconsciousness and is used for certain surgical procedures. The addition of nitrous oxide enhances the overall anesthetic effect.

915704

Amoxicillin, clindamycin, and cephalexin are all commonly recommended as premedications for patients with valvular heart disease or congenital cardiac defects before dental procedures. The choice of antibiotic may depend on the patient's allergies and the type of infection.

803235

Respiratory alkalosis is most commonly caused by hyperventilation, which can occur due to anxiety, pain, fever, hypoxia, and certain neurological conditions.

387293

Brain tumors are the most common cause of increased intracranial pressure in adults.