MDS PREP
An affected mole infant born to normal parents could be an example of all of the following, except
1) An autosomal doninant disorder
2) An autosomal recessive disorder
3) A polygenic disorder
4) A vertically transmitted disorder
Pedodontics
Answer: 1
Which of the following dental-physiological conditions will not be found in gnotobiotic animals?
1. Smooth surface caries
2. Periodontitis
3. Dental plaque
4. Calculus
Public Health Dentistry
Answer: 1
A cup-like resorptive area at the crest of the alveolar bone is indicative of
1) Gingivitis
2) Trauma from occlusion
3) ANUG
4) Early periodontitis
Periodontics
Answer: 4
Tumour that does not show spontaneous regression
1. Neuroblastoma
2. Retinoblastoma
3. Malignant melanoma
4. Osteosarcoma
Oral Pathology
Answer: 4
The spread of inflammation from interdental papilla to periodontal ligament in periodontal disease without occlusal trauma is
1. Through the transseptal fibres
2. The the external cortical bone and periosterum and then to bone leading to PD ligament
3. To the periodontal ligament and then to the bone
4. All of the above
Periodontics
Answer: 2
Which of the following amino acids is a
precursor for epinephrine?
1. Valine
2. Leucine
3. Tyrosine
4. Cysteine
Biochemistry
Answer: 3
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone and neurotransmitter that
is synthesized in the body from the amino acid tyrosine. Tyrosine is a
non-essential amino acid, which means that it can be synthesized in the body
from phenylalanine, another essential amino acid. The synthesis of epinephrine
occurs in two main steps:
1. Hydroxylation of tyrosine: Tyrosine is converted into dihydroxyphenylalanine
(DOPA) by the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. This is the rate-limiting step in the
synthesis of epinephrine.
2. Decarboxylation and further hydroxylation: DOPA is then decarboxylated to
form dopamine, which is further hydroxylated to produce norepinephrine.
Norepinephrine is the immediate precursor of epinephrine.
3. Formation of epinephrine: Norepinephrine is methylated by the enzyme
phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and converted into epinephrine.
The other amino acids listed are not directly involved in the synthesis of
epinephrine:
1. Valine and Leucine are branched-chain amino acids that are primarily involved
in the metabolism of muscles and energy production.
2. Cysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is important for the
synthesis of proteins with disulfide bridges and is a precursor for other
molecules like glutathione and taurine, but not directly involved in the
synthesis of epinephrine.
Dean"s index is associated with the measurement
1) Oral hygiene
2) Gingival inflammation
3) Caries severity
4) Dental fluorosis
Community Dentistry
Answer: 4
Which of the following is not a type of action potential propagation?
1) Autocrine
2) Paracrine
3) Endocrine
4) Synaptic
E. All of the above are types of action potential propagation.
The question contains an error. The terms autocrine, paracrine, endocrine, and synaptic are not types of action potential propagation. Instead, they describe different modes of hormonal or neuronal signaling. Action potentials are propagated along axons without any of these specific types of interactions.