MDS PREP
Analgesics are not effective in reducing the pain in
1. Chronic pulpitis
2. Acute periodontitis
3. Impacted molar
4. Trigeminal neuralgia
Oral Pathology
Answer: 4
Analgesics are not effective in reducing pain in trigeminal neuralgia.
Carcinoma of lip
1. Occurs mostly in males
2. Metastases easily
3. Occurs mostly in the lower lip
4. Is mostly basal cell type
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
Carcinoma of the Lip
Occurs mostly in males: Lip carcinoma, particularly
squamous cell carcinoma, is more common in males than females. This is often
attributed to higher rates of tobacco and alcohol use, as well as increased
sun exposure without protection.
Metastases easily: While lip carcinomas can
metastasize, they do not typically do so as easily as other cancers.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip can metastasize, but it is often
localized initially.
Occurs mostly in the lower lip: This is true; the lower
lip is the most common site for lip carcinoma due to greater sun exposure
and thinner skin.
Is mostly basal cell type: This statement is
misleading. While basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer
overall, squamous cell carcinoma is more prevalent in the lip region.
Which of the following people are more susceptibe to UV light induced
carcinogenesis?
1. People with xeroderma pigmentosa
2. Fanconis anemia
3. Telangiectasia
4. All of the above
Pathology Answer: 4
1. People with Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP):
Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare genetic disorder that affects the way the skin
and eyes repair damage from UV radiation. Individuals with XP have a deficiency
in the DNA repair mechanism that normally removes UV-induced lesions. As a
result, their cells are more prone to mutations, which can lead to skin cancer.
There are several types of XP, and they vary in severity, but all are
characterized by extreme sensitivity to UV light, leading to early aging of the
skin, pigmentation changes, and a high risk of developing multiple skin cancers,
including melanoma, at a very young age.
2. Fanconi Anemia:
Fanconi anemia is another genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to
repair DNA. It is not exclusively related to UV radiation but rather to a defect
in the repair of DNA crosslinks, which can be caused by various agents,
including UV light. Patients with Fanconi anemia have an increased
susceptibility to various cancers, including skin cancers. Their cells have a
higher frequency of chromosomal instability and DNA damage, which can be
exacerbated by UV exposure. However, it's essential to note that the primary
cancer risk in Fanconi anemia is related to the underlying defect in DNA repair
and not solely to UV light.
3. Telangiectasia:
Telangiectasia is a condition where small blood vessels, especially those in the
skin, widen and become visible. While telangiectasia itself does not increase
the risk of skin cancer, individuals with certain forms of this condition may
have a higher susceptibility to UV light damage. For example, some patients with
telangiectasia may also have a genetic mutation or an acquired defect in the
skin that results in poor repair of UV-induced DNA damage. This can lead to a
higher risk of developing non-melanoma skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma
and squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, telangiectasias are often found in areas
of the skin that have been exposed to significant UV radiation, such as the
face, neck, and hands, which are common sites for these types of skin cancers.
In summary, all of the conditions mentioned (Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Fanconi
Anemia, and Telangiectasia) can increase the susceptibility to UV light-induced
carcinogenesis due to their respective impairments in DNA repair mechanisms and
skin responses to UV radiation.
Blue sclera are present in
1. Marfan"s syndrome
2. Cherubism
3. Osteogenesis imperfecta
4. All of the above
Oral Pathology
Answer: 4
Blue sclera are present in osteogenesis imperfecta.
Premature exfoliation of deciduous teeth is seen in
1. Hypophosphatasia
2. Hypophosphataemia
3. Hyperphosphtasia
4. Hyperparathyrroidism
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
Premature exfoliation of deciduous teeth is seen in hypophosphatasia.
A 25-year-old woman presents with a painful, red, swollen, and tender area on the dorsum of her foot. She reports a recent injury while playing sports. The area is warm to the touch and has a well-defined border. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
1) Osteomyelitis
2) Cellulitis
3) Gout
4) Plantar wart
Cellulitis is the most likely diagnosis for a painful, red, swollen area on the foot with a recent injury.
The treatment for a child with cherubism is
1. Surgical excision
2. Cosmetic surgery after puberty
3. Radiation
4. Enbloc dissection
Cosmetic surgery after puberty is the treatment for a child with cherubism.
The histiocytosis X is a spectrum of disorders, which include the following conditions
1. Eosinophilic granuloma
2. Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
3. Letterer-Siwe disease
4. All of the above
Oral Pathology
Answer: 4
Histiocytosis X includes eosinophilic granuloma, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease, and Letterer-Siwe disease.