MDS PREP
In thalassemia the microscopic picture of RBCs is:
1. Microcytic, hypo chromic and target cells present
2. Macrocytic, hypochromic and target cell present
3. Microcytic. hypochromic and target cell absent
4. Macrocytic. hypochromic and target cells absent
Pathology
Answer: 1
Mcroscopic picture of red blood cells (RBCs) in thalassemia, the following
characteristics are typically observed:
Microcytic: The RBCs are smaller than normal (microcytic)
due to the reduced hemoglobin content.
Hypochromic: The RBCs have a lower concentration of
hemoglobin, leading to a paler appearance (hypochromic).
Target cells: These are RBCs that have a bullseye
appearance due to an abnormal distribution of hemoglobin within the cell.
Target cells are often seen in thalassemia due to the imbalance of globin
chains and the resultant membrane changes.
Agranulocytosis may involve early lesions of the oral mucosa and the gingiva that are non-spcific but resemble
1. Erythematous stomatitis
2. Acute herpetic stomatitis
3. Necrotizing ulcerating gingivitis
4. Non specific vesiculobullous stomatitis
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
Agranulocytosis may resemble necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.
The odontoma which resembles anatomy of normal teeth is a
1) Composite odontoma
2) Compound odontoma
3) Complex odontoma
4) Complex compound odontoma
Oral Pathology
Answer: 2
Explanation: A compound odontoma is a type of odontogenic tumor that consists of multiple small tooth-like structures (denticles) and resembles the anatomy of normal teeth. In contrast, a complex odontoma has a more disorganized structure and does not resemble normal teeth.
Which of the following is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in adults leading to myxedema?
1) Cretinism
2) Grave's disease
3) Hyperthyroidism
4) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in adults leading to myxedema.
What is the primary cause of hyperphosphatemia in renal failure?
1) Increased dietary intake
2) Decreased renal excretion
3) Increased bone resorption
4) Decreased parathyroid hormone levels
The primary cause of hyperphosphatemia in renal failure is decreased renal excretion, leading to phosphate retention in the body.
The basis of adjuvant therapy in surgery followed by chemotherapy is:
1. To make chemical agents reach centre of tumour
2. Anticancer drugs are not effective against bigger tumour therefore its size is reduced by surgery
3. Debulking the tumour by surgery makes the tumour cells re-enter the cell cycle and thus become susceptible to drug therapy
4. None of the above
Pathology
Answer: 3
Debulking the tumor by surgery makes the tumor cells re-enter the cell cycle and thus become susceptible to drug therapy: This statement is the most accurate. Surgical removal of a tumor (debulking) can indeed lead to the release of tumor cells into the circulation and may also alter the tumor microenvironment. This can make residual tumor cells more susceptible to chemotherapy, as they may re-enter the cell cycle and become more actively dividing, which is when many chemotherapy agents are most effective.
Analgesics are not effective in reducing the pain in
1. Chronic pulpitis
2. Acute periodontitis
3. Impacted molar
4. Trigeminal neuralgia
Oral Pathology
Answer: 4
Analgesics are not effective in reducing pain in trigeminal neuralgia.
Giant cells are a characteristic histopathologic finding in
1. Aphthous ulcers
2. Aneurysmal bone cyst
3. Brown tumour of hyper parathyroidism
4. Dentigerous cyst
Oral Pathology
Answer: 2
Giant cells are a characteristic histopathologic finding in an aneurysmal bone cyst.