MDS PREP
Prolonged administration of broad spectrum antibiotics results in the formation of
1. Black hairy tongue
2. Decrease exposure time
3. Geographic tongue
4. Fissured tongue
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
Prolonged administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics can lead to black hairy tongue.
Angular stomatitis
1. Can be a concomitant of any candidal infection
2. Is seen mainly in adults
3. May be associated with Streptococcus
4. May be a sign of anaemia
Angular stomatitis can be a sign of anemia and may be associated with candidal infections.
Osmotic fragility is increased in -
1) Sickle cell anaemia
2) Thalassemia
3) Hereditary spherocytosis
4) Chronic lead poisoning
General Pathology
Answer: 3
Osmotic fragility is increased in hereditary spherocytosis due to the abnormal shape and membrane stability of red blood cells.
Most common areas of body susceptible to carcinomas:
1. Head and neck
2. Back
3. Pelvic and urogenital
4. Extremities
Pathology Answer: 1
Head and Neck: The head and neck region includes various structures such as
the oral cavity, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, and the salivary glands. This
region is highly susceptible to carcinomas due to the presence of mucosal
surfaces exposed to potential carcinogens. Common types of head and neck
carcinomas include:
- Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: This is the most common form of head and neck
cancer, typically occurring on the tongue, lips, oral cavity, and oropharynx.
Risk factors include tobacco use (smoking and smokeless), alcohol consumption,
and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: This cancer arises from the nasopharynx and is often
associated with environmental factors such as the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
infection and dietary habits.
- Laryngeal Carcinoma: Cancer of the larynx (voice box) is often linked to
smoking and excessive alcohol intake.
Oral lesions consisting of large numbers of broad-based papillary projections, with tiny abscesses developing in an area of intense erythema, is most likely to be
1. Pyogenic granuloma
2. Gangrenous stomatitis
3. Tularemia
4. Pyostomatitis vegetans
Oral Pathology
Answer: 4
Pyostomatitis vegetans is characterized by broad-based papillary projections and can present with pustules or abscesses in an inflamed area. It is often associated with inflammatory bowel disease.
Which of the following is not characteristic of congenital syphilis?
1. Ghon complex
2. Interstitial keratitis
3. Mulberry molars
4. Notched incisors
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
Ghon complex is associated with primary tuberculosis, not congenital syphilis. The other options (interstitial keratitis, mulberry molars, and notched incisors) are indeed characteristics of congenital syphilis.
Extensive cellulitis is known as:
1. Phlegm
2. Phlegmon
3. Cellulitis majora
4. Cellulitis prima
Pathology Answer: 2
Extensive cellulitis is most accurately described by the term "phlegmon
Phlegm is a thick, viscous substance produced by the respiratory tract,
especially during a respiratory infection, which can be coughed up from the
lungs or expelled from the nose. It is primarily composed of mucus, dead cells,
and other substances.
Phlegmon is a term that is closely related to extensive cellulitis. It refers
to a severe form of cellulitis where the infection has spread deeply into the
subcutaneous tissues and is accompanied by significant inflammation, including
the presence of pus and necrosis. Phlegmon is characterized by intense pain,
swelling, redness, and warmth in the affected area. This condition often
requires aggressive medical management, including intravenous antibiotics and
surgical drainage if an abscess forms. It is an advanced and severe stage of
cellulitis that can lead to systemic infection if not treated properly.
Bismuth intoxication is manifested as
1. Pigmentation in areas of inflammation
2. Burtonian line
3. Gingiva
4. Blackish line in mucosa
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
Bismuth intoxication is manifested as pigmentation in areas of inflammation.