MDS PREP
Orange peel and ground glass radiographic appearance is observed in case of
1. Paget"s disease
2. Ewing"s sarcoma
3. Osteosarcoma
4. Fibrous dysplasia
Orange peel and ground glass radiographic appearance is observed in fibrous dysplasia.
Open ended lead-lined cones reduce
1. Intensity of scattered radiation
2. Intensity of primary radiation
3. Level of scattered radiation
4. All of the above
Oral Pathology
Answer: 3
Open-ended lead-lined cones reduce the intensity of scattered radiation.
What of the following is characterized by left lower quadrant periumbilical pain in an elderly person, with the presence of fever, tender abdomen, leukocytosis, nausea, and vomiting?
1) Acute appendicitis
2) Diverticulitis
3) Gallstones
4) Pancreatitis
Diverticulitis is characterized by left lower quadrant pain, fever, and leukocytosis, especially in elderly patients.
An exophytic papillary lesionof the hard palate, consisting of a luminal layer of columnar cells resting on a cuboidal basal layer, with the connective tissue papillae containing plasma cells, could be
1. Monomorphic adenoma
2. Simple ductal papilloma
3. Oxyphilic adenoma
4. Sialadenoma papilliferum
Oral Pathology
Answer: 4
Sialadenoma papilliferum is a rare, benign
salivary gland tumor typically occurring in the palate. It presents as an
exophytic, papillary lesion and histologically shows a dual epithelial layer
(columnar and cuboidal) with connective tissue cores that may contain plasma
cells. The other options, such as monomorphic adenoma or simple ductal papilloma,
lack these specific histological features.
A patient who has geen given tumoricidal dose of radiotherapy recently reports to dental clinic with painful carious exposed mandibular first molar with periapical abscess. The treatment of choice should be
1. Extraction of the offending tooth
2. Root canal treatment if possible
3. No treatment should be given
4. Incision and drainage of abscess
Oral Pathology
Answer: 2
Root canal treatment is the treatment of choice for a patient with a painful carious exposed mandibular first molar with periapical abscess.
The principal chemical mediator of immediate phase, of acute inflammation is:
1. Serotonin
2. Histamine
3. Kinin-Kallikrein
4. Complement system
Pathology
Answer: 2
The principal chemical mediator of the immediate phase of acute inflammation
is Histamine. Here's a detailed explanation of the options given:
1. Serotonin: While serotonin is a vasoactive substance that can cause blood
vessels to constrict or dilate, it is not the primary mediator of the immediate
phase of acute inflammation. It is mainly associated with the regulation of
mood, appetite, and sleep. In the context of inflammation, it plays a minor role
compared to histamine.
2. Histamine: Histamine is indeed the correct answer. It is a potent chemical
mediator released from mast cells and basophils in response to injury or
antigenic stimulation. Upon release, histamine acts on blood vessels to cause
vasodilation, increased permeability, and increased blood flow to the injured
area, which are hallmark features of the immediate phase of acute inflammation.
This results in the cardinal signs of inflammation: redness (rubor), heat
(calor), swelling (tumor), and pain (dolor).
3. Kinin-Kallikrein system: The kinin-kallikrein system is another important
mediator of inflammation, but it is more involved in the later phases. When
activated, it results in the formation of kinins, such as bradykinin, which
contribute to increased vascular permeability and pain. However, it is not the
first line mediator in the immediate phase.
4. Complement system: The complement system is a group of proteins in the blood
that work with antibodies to destroy pathogens and trigger inflammation. It is a
key component of the innate immune response, but its activation and role are
more pronounced in the later stages of inflammation rather than the immediate
phase. The complement system is involved in the opsonization of pathogens,
recruitment of phagocytes, and the formation of the membrane attack complex,
which can lyse certain bacteria and cells.
The immediate phase of acute inflammation is characterized by the rapid response
to tissue injury, which includes vasoactive changes and increased vascular
permeability to allow fluid, cells, and proteins to move into the interstitial
space. Histamine is quickly released from mast cells and basophils and acts on
H1 receptors of blood vessels to induce vasodilation and increased permeability.
This leads to the early symptoms of inflammation, such as swelling, redness,
heat, and pain, and is crucial for the initiation of the inflammatory response
to protect the body from harm.
The histopathology of osteopetrosis shows
1. Endosteal bone formation and lack of normal bone resorption
2. Periosteal bone formation and lack of normal bone resorption
3. Presence of numerous osteoclasts and a few osteoblasts
4. None of the above
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
The histopathology of osteopetrosis shows endosteal bone formation and lack of normal bone resorption.
Dinesh, a 24-year-old male, complains of loose teeth in a single quadrant. His radiograph shows irregular bone loss and histopathology reveals eosinophils and histiocytes. The most probable diagnosis is
1. Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
2. Paget"s disease
3. Osteoclastoma
4. Albright"s syndrome
Oral Pathology
Answer: 1
The most probable diagnosis for irregular bone loss and eosinophils is Hand-Schuller-Christian disease.