MDS PREP
Ambroxol is a :
1) Mucolytic agent
2) Bronchial secretion enhancer
3) Antitussive
4) None of the above
Pharmacology Answer: 1
Expectorants (Mucokinetics)
(a) Bronchial secretion enhancers : Sodium or Potassium citrate, Potassium iodide, Guaiphenesin (Glyceryl guaiacolate), balsum of Tolu, Vasaka, Ammonium chloride.
(b) Mucolytics: Bromhexine Ambroxol Acetyl cysteine Carbocisteine
The neuromuscular blocker that does not need reversal of action by neostigmine at the end of the operation is :
1) d–Tubocurarine
2) Doxacurium
3) Pipecuronium
4) Mivacurium
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Long acting non-depolarizing (competitive) NM blocking agents require reversal with neostigmine.
Mivacurium is the shortest acting NDMR. It does not require reversal due to its short duration of action.
Mivacurium can be used in day care surgery.
Developed hypo reactivity to a drug is
1) Detoxification
2) Antagonism
3) Tolerance
4) Desensitization
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Tolerance: The capacity to absorb a drug continuously or in large doses without adverse effect; diminution in the response to a drug after prolonged use.
Drugs mostly cross biological membranes by
1) Passive diffusion
2) Active diffusion
3) Active transport
4) Carrier mediated transport
Pharmacology Answer: 1
Passive diffusion: The movement of drug across a membrane in a manner driven solely by the concentration gradient. In passive diffusion, drug moves from a region of greater concentration to a region of lesser concentration.
The penicillin with the best gram negative spectrum is
1. methicillin
2. phenethicillin
3. ampicillin
4. penicillin V
Pharmacology
Answer: 3
The penicillin with the best gram negative spectrum is ampicillin
Following drug interact with cefotaxime?
1) Digoxin
2) Paracetamol
3) Loop diuretics
4) Nifedipine
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Nephrotoxicity of cephalosporins is accentuated by concurrent administration of loop diuretics.
Rapid induction of anaesthesia occurs with which of the following inhalational anaesthetics
1. Isoflurane
2. Halothane
3. Desflurane
4. Sevoflurane
less solublity in blood means more rapid induction, however quicker emergence after discontinuing depends upon solublity and redistribution in lipids of body as well
In Dicumarol poisoning which Vit K is used
1) Menadione
2) Menaqunone
3) Phytonadione
4) None of the above
Pharmacology Answer: 3
To reverse the effect of overdose of oral anticoagulants:
Phytonadione (K1) is the preparation of choice, because it acts most rapidly, dose depends on the severity of upoprothrombinemia & bleeding.