MDS PREP
A 30 year old pregnant woman developes tuberculosis. Which of the following antitubercular drugs should not be used:
1) INH
2) Rifampicin
3) Streptomycin
4) Ethambutol
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Streptomycin is contraindicated in pregnant women because of fetal ototoxicity.
Alkalinization of urine is done during administration of which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs?
1) Ara-C (Cytarabine)
2) Methotrexate
3) Cisplatin
4) Ifosfamide
Pharmacology Answer: 2
Alkalinization of urine is used in patients receiving high dose methotrexate to promote renal excretion and to avoid nephrotoxicity
IV Sodium bicarbonate is used to maintain urine pH above 7.0 to avoid precipitation of methotrexate (a weak acid) in the acid pH of renal tubules
Which of the following statements is not true regarding sulfonamides:
1) Sulfasalazine is absorbed well from GIT
2) Crystalluria can occur with sulfonamide administration
3) Sulfonamide administration to Newborn may cause Kernicterus
4) Sulfonamides are of value in treatment of infections due to Norcardia species
Pharmacology Answer: 1
Sulfasalazine is absorbed well from GIT
Sulfasalazine is poorly absorbed (10-20%) from the GIT .
Which of the following are anti-fungal drugs?
1) Cloxacillin
2) Aciclovir
3) Chlorhexidine
4) Nystatin
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Miconazole is an imidazole anti-fungal drug, Nystatin is a polyene anti-fungal drug and itraconazole is a triazole anti-fungal.
Aciclovir is an anti-viral drug and chlorhexidine is an antiseptic.cloxacillin is penicillin derivative.
The following prevent re-uptake of noradrenaline
1) isoprenaline
2) dopamine
3) clomipramine
4) propranolol
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Is a TCA- block neuronal uptake of noradrenaline and serotonin. and thus increase its conc. at synapse. they also block muscarinic, histaminergic, and adrenergic receptor
Which of the following statement is not true about diuretics:
1) Acetazolamide is a carbonic acid anhydrase stimulant
2) Thiazides act on cortical diluting segment of loop of Henle
3) Frusemide is a high ceiling diuretic
4) Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist
Pharmacology Answer: 1
Acetazolamide is a carbonic acid anhydrase stimulant Acetazolamide, non-competitively (but reversibly) inhibits carbonic anhydrase in proximal tubular cells.
Which of the following is used for the treatment of chlamydia infection in pregnancy?
1) Tetracycline
2) Erythromycin
3) Azithromycin
4) Doxycycline
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Azithromycin Preferred agent for treatment of chlamydia infection in pregnancy in azithromycin.
It is given as a single dose of 1g leading to high compliance rate.
One of the side-effects of prilocaine is
1) Gastric bleeding
2) Porphyria
3) Photophobia
4) Methemoglobinemia
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Methemoglobinemia is a condition in which the iron within hemoglobin is oxidized from the ferrous (Fe2+) state to the ferric (Fe3+) state, resulting in the inability to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. Clinically, this condition causes cyanosis, often posing a diagnostic dilemma
usually results from exposure to oxidizing substances (such as nitrates or nitrites, aniline dyes, or medications, including lidocaine, prilocaine, phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium], and others)