MDS PREP
The most appropriate drug for treatment of generalized tonic-clonic (grand mal) is:
1) valproate
2) methylphenidate
3) ethosuximide
4) diazepam
Pharmacology Answer: 1
For generalized tonic-clonic seizures, phenytoin, carbamazepine, or valproate is the drug of choice.
Which of the following agents is used for the treatment of Thrombocytopenia secondary to myelosuppressive cancer chemotherapy?
1) Filgrastim
2) Sargramostim
3) Oprelvekin
4) Erythropoietin
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Oprelvekin (Interleukin 11) is the only agent approved by the FDA for treatment of thrombocytopenia secondary to myelosuppressive cancer chemotherapy
Filgrastim (G-CSF) and Sargramostim (GM-SCF) are used in the treatment of neutropenia
Erythropoietin is used in treatment of anemia
Proton pump inhibitors are most effective when they are given
1) After meals
2) Shortly before meals
3) Along with H2 blockers
4) During prolonged fasting periods
Pharmacology Answer: 2
Bio-availability of all proton pump inhibitors is reduced by food; they should be taken in empty stomach, followed 1 hour later by a meal to activate H+K+ ATPase and make it more susceptible to the proton pump inhibitor.
Ethosuximide is the drug of choice for treatment of ?
1) Generalized tonic clonic seizures
2) Absence seizures
3) Simple partial seizures
4) Complex partial seizures
Pharmacology Answer: 2
Ethosuximide is the drug of choice for treatment of absence seizures.
Other drugs used in the management of absence seizures are valproic acid, lamotrigine and clonazepam.
Developed hypo reactivity to a drug is
1) Detoxification
2) Antagonism
3) Tolerance
4) Desensitization
Pharmacology Answer: 3
Tolerance: The capacity to absorb a drug continuously or in large doses without adverse effect; diminution in the response to a drug after prolonged use.
Which of the following antihypertensive drugs should not be used in a patient on Lithium in order to prevent Lithium Toxicity?
1) Clonidine
2) Beta blockers
3) Calcium Channel Blockers
4) Diuretics
Pharmacology Answer: 4
Diuretics increase sodium loss in urine and increase lithium retention. Hence they should not be used in patients on Lithium.
Which of the following is used to decrease the toxicity of amphotericin B?
1) Dose reduction
2) Liposomal delivery systems
3) Supplementing glucose
4) Giving it along with flucytosine
Pharmacology Answer: 2
Liposomal delivery systems decrease the amount of free drug in the blood Infected cells interact with the liposomes, resulting in the release of amphotericin B at the site of action.
MAO inhibitors are contraindicated in a patient taking?
1) Pethidine
2) Buprenorphine
3) Morphine
4) Pentazocine
Pharmacology Answer: 1
first choice pethidine
Use of MAO inhibitors in patient taking pethidine / pentazocine can precipitate serotonin syndrome.