NEET MDS Shorts
78938
Oral SurgeryTo luxate a tooth with forceps, the movements should be firm and deliberate primarily to the facial surface with secondary movements to the lingual surface.
35404
Dental Materials
A voltage regulator helps maintain consistent speed and proper mixing of amalgam regardless of fluctuations in line voltage.
68993
Physiology
Answer: 1) Activation of glycogen phosphorylase by epinephrine
Explanation: Epinephrine acts on the beta-adrenergic receptors of liver and muscle cells, which activate protein kinase. This kinase then phosphorylates and activates glycogen phosphorylase, an enzyme that breaks down glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate, which is rapidly converted to glucose-6-phosphate for use in glycolysis or for release into the bloodstream to maintain glucose levels during stress.
28460
Physiology
The glomerular filtration barrier is composed of the glomerular capillary endothelium, the basement membrane, and the podocytes (Bowman's visceral epithelium). These three layers work together to filter blood and form the glomerular filtrate, which then enters the renal tubules.
78948
General PathologyHereditary spherocytosis is primarily due to a deficiency of spectrin, a protein that helps maintain the integrity of the red blood cell membrane.
83312
EndodonticsCervical third root fractures have the least favorable prognosis. This is because: 1) The fracture line is at or near the gingival margin, making restoration difficult, 2) Contamination from oral fluids is inevitable, preventing proper healing, 3) Crown-root ratio becomes unfavorable even if healing occurs, 4) Periodontal involvement is common, 5) Often requires extraction due to poor long-term prognosis. Apical third fractures have the best prognosis as they often heal with fibrous union and remain functional, while middle third fractures have intermediate prognosis.
71703
Oral SurgeryThe advantage of chisel and mallet over bur in removing bone is that no coolant is necessary.
31789
Biochemistry
Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals,
specifically sodium urate crystals, in the joints. The body produces uric acid
as a waste product during the metabolism of purines, which are substances found
in certain foods and also synthesized by the body. High levels of uric acid can
lead to the formation of these crystals, which cause inflammation and pain in
the affected joints. Urea (Answer 1) is a waste product formed from the
metabolism of proteins and amino acids, while guanine (Answer 3) and
hypoxanthine (Answer 4) are purine bases involved in nucleotide metabolism, but
they do not directly form the crystals seen in gout.
64908
Dental AnatomyThe primary mandibular central incisors usually erupt at 6-8 months
84390
Orthodontics
Solution The following are the effects when Herbst appliance used for treatment of Class II malocclusion:
1. Class I molar relation or over-corrected Class I molar relation.
2. Increased mandibular growth
3. Distal driving of maxillary molars which helps to achieve molar relation.
4. Reduction of overjet by increasing mandibular length and proclination of mandibular incisors.
5. Inhibitory effect on sagittal maxillary growth
6. Weislander suggested double contour of glenoid fossa which indicates anterior transformation of glenoid fossa
7. Increased SNB angle and decreased SNA angle.