NEET MDS Shorts
91045
PhysiologyThe transport maximum for substances like glucose and phosphate represents the maximum amount that can be actively reabsorbed by the tubules before reaching saturation and being excreted in urine.
85002
PhysiologyThe regression of the corpus luteum leads to a sharp decline in estrogen and progesterone levels, which in turn causes the endometrium to shed and results in menstrual bleeding.
68993
Physiology
Answer: 1) Activation of glycogen phosphorylase by epinephrine
Explanation: Epinephrine acts on the beta-adrenergic receptors of liver and muscle cells, which activate protein kinase. This kinase then phosphorylates and activates glycogen phosphorylase, an enzyme that breaks down glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate, which is rapidly converted to glucose-6-phosphate for use in glycolysis or for release into the bloodstream to maintain glucose levels during stress.
39624
Physiology
Answer: 1) Depolarization
Explanation: EPSPs occur when the neurotransmitter binds to postsynaptic receptors that open sodium channels, allowing sodium ions to flow into the neuron and causing the membrane to depolarize. This increases the excitability of the neuron, bringing the membrane potential closer to the threshold for action potential firing.
88049
PhysiologyAntidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases water reabsorption in the nephron, particularly in the collecting ducts, by making them more permeable to water.
71560
PhysiologyThe thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle is responsible for the reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate, contributing to urine concentration.
97093
Physiology
The area postrema is part of the chemoreceptive trigger zone and detects the presence of toxins in the bloodstream, leading to the initiation of vomiting as a protective mechanism against the ingestion of harmful substances.
68209
PhysiologyAldosterone is NOT a hormone produced by the kidneys; it is produced by the adrenal glands and acts on the kidneys to regulate sodium and potassium balance.
20815
Physiology
Answer: 1) The venteromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus is considered the satiety center.
41791
Physiology
Answer: 2) The primary effect of parathyroid hormone during pregnancy is to increase serum calcium levels by mobilizing calcium from maternal bones for fetal use.