NEET MDS Shorts
83937
EndodonticsExtensive bone loss is a contraindication for apicoectomy as it indicates poor prognosis and inadequate bone support. Overfilled canals and lateral perforations are actually indications for surgical intervention.
44417
EndodonticsVertical root fractures have the poorest prognosis among all tooth fractures. This is because: 1) The fracture line extends from crown to apex, compromising the entire root structure, 2) Bacterial contamination occurs along the entire fracture line, 3) Periodontal ligament attachment is severely compromised, 4) Healing is virtually impossible due to constant separation of fragments during function, 5) Almost always requires extraction. Horizontal fractures at the apical third have the best prognosis, while gingival level and middle third fractures have intermediate prognosis depending on management.
87167
Endodontics
In the balanced force technique, the cutting action is achieved during the counter-clockwise rotation with apical pressure.
48024
EndodonticsExplanation: A concussion in dental trauma refers to a situation where the tooth is not displaced but may have sustained an injury that can lead to an enamel fracture. This type of injury does not involve loss of tooth structure, which aligns with the description of an enamel fracture without tooth structure loss.
76092
EndodonticsFor avulsed tooth reimplantation, only gentle saline irrigation of both socket and root surface is recommended. Aggressive curettage damages remaining periodontal ligament cells essential for successful reimplantation.
34072
EndodonticsTrephination is the surgical procedure of cutting a window in bone to drain an abscess. This provides external drainage when intraoral drainage through the root canal is insufficient.
79370
EndodonticsReversible pulpitis is a mild inflammation of the dental pulp that is typically relieved by the application of cold water or air. The transient pain is caused by the movement of fluid within the dentinal tubules when exposed to stimuli, which is consistent with the hydrodynamic theory of pain.
73711
EndodonticsTooth discoloration most commonly results from pulp necrosis. When pulp tissue dies: 1) Hemoglobin breaks down into iron sulfide and other dark pigments, 2) Protein degradation products penetrate dentin tubules, 3) These pigments become embedded in the tooth structure, 4) The discoloration progresses from pink to dark brown/gray over time. This is more common than hyperemia (which is reversible), pulpal abscess (which may not always cause visible discoloration), making pulp necrosis the primary cause of intrinsic tooth discoloration.
57787
EndodonticsMost failures of replanted teeth are due to external resorption. This includes both inflammatory and replacement resorption: 1) Inflammatory resorption occurs due to infected necrotic pulp and damaged periodontal ligament, 2) Replacement resorption (ankylosis) occurs when periodontal ligament is severely damaged, 3) External resorption is progressive and often leads to tooth loss, 4) It is more common than internal resorption in replanted teeth, 5) Prevention involves proper handling, appropriate storage media, and prompt endodontic treatment when indicated.
45341
EndodonticsEDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is a chelating agent commonly used in endodontics to remove the smear layer and facilitate the enlargement of calcified canals. It helps in dissolving inorganic components of the dentin, making it easier to access and clean the root canal system.