NEET MDS Shorts
10615
General MicrobiologyAdoptive immunization involves the transfer of readymade immune cells, such as antibodies, from a donor to a recipient. Tetanus immunization is typically achieved through active immunization with the tetanus toxoid, which induces the body to produce its own antibodies against the tetanus toxin. Passive immunization, on the other hand, is achieved by injecting tetanus antitoxin, which provides immediate but temporary protection by neutralizing the toxin in the recipients body. The statement is incorrect because tetanus toxoid is used for active immunization, not adoptive immunization.
19194
Oral PathologyCrouzon syndrome is characterized by early synostosis of cranial sutures (craniosynostosis), maxillary hypoplasia, and a prominent nose resembling a "parrot beak." This syndrome is caused by mutations in FGFR2 gene leading to premature fusion of skull sutures, resulting in characteristic facial features including proptosis, hypertelorism, and midface retrusion. Treacher Collins affects mandibulofacial development, Pierre-Robin involves micrognathia, and Marie-Sainton is cleidocranial dysplasia.
17340
General Medicine
Antithrombin III is a serine protease inhibitor that plays a critical role in regulating blood coagulation by inhibiting thrombin (factor IIa) and other serine proteases in the coagulation cascade. This helps maintain the delicate balance between clot formation and dissolution.
79502
Dental Materials
Luting agents are used to create a tight seal between the crown and the tooth and to enhance the retention of the restoration.
17226
PedodonticsBony defects that result in plateau-like marginal bone are called bulbous adaptive.
29665
Physiology
Answer: 2) Vasoconstriction in most vessels
Explanation: Norepinephrine acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the vascular smooth muscles, causing vasoconstriction in most blood vessels. This diverts blood flow to critical organs like the brain and muscles, preparing the body for physical exertion.
62707
Oral Pathology
Myxoma is the most aggressive tumor among the options listed. It is a rare,
benign, but locally aggressive neoplasm that can occur in various anatomic
locations, particularly in the heart and skin. Myxomas are known for their
ability to invade surrounding tissue and cause significant damage to the organ
in which they are found.
Here is a brief description of each tumor type:
1) Myxoma: As mentioned earlier, these are rare but locally
aggressive tumors that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues. They are
typically soft and gelatinous in consistency. When myxomas occur in the heart,
they can obstruct blood flow and cause severe complications.
2) Cementoblastoma: This is a rare, benign tumor that arises
from the periodontal ligament cells that are responsible for producing cementum,
which is the bone-like tissue that anchors teeth in the jaw. Cementoblastomas
are generally slow-growing and less aggressive compared to myxomas.
3) Ameloblastic fibroma: This is a benign, non-invasive tumor
that occurs in the jaw, typically in younger patients. It is composed of both
odontogenic epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells, which are involved in tooth
development. These tumors can cause expansion of the bone but are not as
aggressive as myxomas.
4) Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma: This is a mixed odontogenic
tumor, which means it is composed of both dental epithelial and mesenchymal
cells. It is usually benign and presents as a slowly growing, painless swelling
in the jaw. While it can cause bone expansion, it is less aggressive and
typically does not invade surrounding tissues like a myxoma.
14213
General Medicine
The combination of jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, and thrombocytopenia suggests that the patient has developed cirrhosis of the liver due to chronic alcohol abuse.
46264
General PathologySudden painful enlargement of the thyroid with hyperthyroidism that lasts for 6-8 weeks is the typical clinical course of subacute granulomatous thyroiditis.
54205
Dental Materials
The ANSI/ADA Specification No. 96 (ISO 9917) stipulates a minimum 24-hour compressive strength of 70 MPa for standard luting consistency dental cement.