56918

Delta waves are high-amplitude, low-frequency brain waves that are most prominent during the deepest stage of NREM sleep, which is Stage 3 NREM, indicating deep sleep.

87462

The hypothalamus produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary, playing a crucial role in spermatogenesis.

38188

ADA specification No. 18 categorizes alginate impression materials into two types: Type I (Fast set) with a setting time of 1-2 minutes and Type II (Normal set) with a setting time of 2-4 minutes.

28839

The Ackerman-Proffit classification system expanded on Angle's system by adding five characteristics, including the esthetic line of occlusion (smile arch and tooth-to-lip relationship).

91056

DNA ploidy analysis has been suggested as a marker to predict the behavior of potentially malignant oral disorders.

55745

The primary mechanism of bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule involves combination with hydrogen ions, forming carbonic acid, which is then converted to water and carbon dioxide.

66403

The nerve that supplies both the upper and lower jaws is the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V).

Specifically, the maxillary division (V2) supplies the upper jaw and the mandibular division (V3) supplies the lower jaw.

The sphenopalatine, submandibular, and otic ganglia are all topographically associated with branches of the trigeminal nerve, as their parasympathetic secretomotor fibers "hitchhike" along these sensory nerves to reach their target glands.

The ciliary ganglion, however, is associated with the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) and supplies structures within the orbit (pupillary constrictor and ciliary muscles), not the jaw regions.

Therefore, it is not topographically associated with the nerve that supplies both the upper and lower jaws

16490

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disease where the body develops antibodies to its own acetylcholine receptors and destroys them. While acetylcholine release is normal, the lack of receptors causes slow, weak muscular contraction and quick fatigue.

55367

• External resorption (vital teeth): The prognosis depends on the type (surface, inflammatory, or replacement resorption). Surface resorption often heals spontaneously if the pulp remains vital and the cause (like trauma) is removed. Inflammatory resorption can be managed if detected early. Replacement resorption (ankylosis) has a poor long-term prognosis. Overall, external resorption in vital teeth can sometimes be controlled, so prognosis is variable but often better than the other two conditions.

• Internal resorption (vital teeth): This usually requires endodontic treatment once detected. If the lesion is small and treated early, prognosis can be favorable. However, untreated internal resorption progresses and weakens the tooth structure, making prognosis worse than external surface resorption.

• Vertical root fracture (vital teeth): This has the worst prognosis. Vertical root fractures are generally considered hopeless because they cannot be predictably repaired. Extraction is usually the treatment of choice.

vital teeth with external resorption generally have the better prognosis compared to internal resorption and vertical root fracture.

47016

The palatine bone articulates with all of the following except a.sphenoid b. ethmoid c. zygomatic d. maxilla