80406

A horizontal root fracture creates a pathway that allows the filling material to escape the confines of the canal space and appear as a distinct line on a radiograph.

28620

Awake fibreoptic intubation is preferred for skull base fractures to avoid accidental intracranial placement of the tube (a risk with blind nasal intubation) and to manage potential cervical spine injuries.

60756

Gemination is a developmental anomaly in which a single tooth bud attempts to divide, resulting in an enlarged or bifid crown.

Key features of gemination:

Appears as a single large tooth

Usually has one root

May show two root canals

Total number of teeth remains normal when the abnormal tooth is counted as one.

88965

An acute inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI) is most commonly caused by an occlusion of the right coronary artery, which supplies the inferior wall of the left ventricle and the right ventricle in most people. When the right ventricle is involved in the infarction, it can lead to right ventricular dysfunction, which severely impairs the heart's ability to pump blood to the lungs and subsequently to the rest of the body. This results in acute and progressive hemodynamic collapse and cardiogenic shock. Cardiogenic shock is the most common cause of death in patients with acute MI.

59087

Alpha antitrypism deficiency causes panacinar emphysema

39960

Injecting radiopaque dye into the joint space to visualize the joint is referred to as arthrography.

80434

The working time for a polysulfide impression material can be safely and effectively increased by cooling the mixing slab to a temperature above the dew point

78698

38501

91123

Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) does NOT cause widening of the oral aperture. Instead, it causes NARROWING (microstomia) of the oral aperture due to perioral fibrosis and skin tightening. Scleroderma does cause a hard, rigid tongue due to collagen deposition, pseudoankylosis of TMJ due to fibrosis, and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) due to esophageal involvement.