NEET MDS Shorts
87155
PhysiologyActivation of muscle contraction is promoted by : Opening of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca channel. Ca2+ binding to troponin C. Opening of Na channels Ca2+ binding to the Ca2+-ATPase
47424
RadiologyMedially displaced condylar neck fracture is best visualized in PA view.
18191
NEETMDS
Cardiac conditions requiring prophylaxis include prosthetic cardiac valves, previous infective endocarditis, congenital heart disease, and cardiac transplantation recipients with valvulopathy. Prophylaxis is needed for procedures involving manipulation of gingival tissue or periapical regions.
68582
Community DentistryA denturist is a dental auxiliary trained to fabricate and fit dentures directly for patients, without the supervision of a dentist in some jurisdictions.
48975
OrthodonticsBeta titanium wire is most suitable for final tooth adjustments due to its low modulus of elasticity, allowing precise and gentle force application.
79450
General Medicine
Digoxin is a positive inotrope, hence it increases the force of myocardial contraction and may be effective in heart failure. It is a cardiac glycoside, which reduces the conductivity of the atrioventricular (AV) node and which may be used in atrial fibrillation.
Digoxin has a long half-life and is given once daily. It is cleared by the renal system and hence renal impairment requires the reduction of digoxin dose.
Arrhythmias, such as atrial tachycardia, may be a sign of digoxin toxicity.
Digoxin toxicity is enhanced if there are 67 electrolyte disturbances, especially hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia and hypercalcaemia.
21978
Pharmacology
Withdrawal of morphine is associated with marked drug-seeking behavior.
Physical manifestations of abstinence are - lacrimation, sweating, yawning, anxiety, fear, restlessness, gooseflesh, mydriasis, tremor, insomnia, abdominal colic, diarrhea, dehydration, rise in BP, palpitation and rapid weight loss.
Delirium and convulsions are not a characteristic feature (contrast barbiturates) and are seen only occasionally.
Cardi-ovascular collapse and fatality are rare if supportive measures are instituted.
80979
MicrobiologyMost bacterial endotoxins are composed of lipoprotein-polysaccharide complexes
89562
Pharmacology
It is also used to treat ventricular tachycardia and to perform nerve blocks Dosage Of Local Anesthesia: 1) Safety dose of 2% Lignocaine is 4.5mg/kg without a Vasoconstrictor Without a Vasoconstrictor 300 mg (maximum dose) 2) Safety dose of 2% Lignocaine is 7mg/kg with a Vasoconstrictor With a Vasoconstrictor – 500 mg (maximum dose) 3) As 1ml of 2% Lignocaine contains 20mg – Where the Maximum safety dose being 300 mg So 15 ml of Drug can be given safely 4) 1:1,00,000 concentration means 1 part of Adrenaline is 1,00,000 parts of Solution Safety Dose of Adrenaline for Dental Use in normal patients is 0.2 mg – which means 20 ml of LA can be given to normal patients containing Adrenaline For cardiac Patients the safety dose of Adrenaline is 0.04mg – Which means 4ml of LA can be given to Patients with cardiac problems containing Adrenaline 5) If the concentration of LA is 1:50,000 – 10 ml of LA can be given safely
22697
Oral Pathology
Reversible pulpitis changes to irreversible pulpitis primarily because of
invasion of microorganisms.
Reversible pulpitis is a condition where the pulp is inflamed but can
potentially heal if the causative agent is removed and the pulp remains vital.
Irreversible pulpitis, however, occurs when the inflammation is severe or
chronic, leading to irreversible damage to the pulp. The primary reason for this
progression is typically the invasion of microorganisms and their byproducts,
which can cause further inflammation and necrosis of pulpal tissue, making
healing unlikely.