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NEET MDS Shorts

98214
General Medicine

Crepitus is a characteristic sign of gas gangrene, which is often caused by Clostridium perfringens. This bacterium produces gas in tissues, leading to a crackling sensation upon palpation.

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General Microbiology

C1. Tetani (Clostridium tetani)  It is a spore-forming, gram-positive bacillus that causes tetanus, a neurological disorder resulting from the production of tetanospasmin, a toxin that affects the nervous system. It is usually found in soil, dust, and manure, and enters the body through breaks in the skin.

C1. Perfringens (Clostridium perfringens) is an anaerobic, gram-positive bacillus commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract and soil. It can be a part of the normal flora in the intestines and is also a pathogen, causing diseases such as food poisoning and gas gangrene.

 C1. Difficule (Clostridium difficule) is an anaerobic, gram-positive spore-forming bacillus that is part of the human gut microbiota. It is notorious for causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis.

 C1. Botulinum (Clostridium botulinum) is an anaerobic, spore-forming, gram-positive bacillus found in various environments, including soil and water. It is known for producing the neurotoxin that causes botulism, a rare but severe form of food poisoning.

47037
Anatomy

The mandibular 1st molar is supplied by Inferior alveolar nerve and long Buccal Nerve

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Community Dentistry

 Indian Penal Code (IPC) Section 307 pertains to grievous injuries, including those involving permanent damage to body structures like teeth. This section deals with causing life-threatening harm or injuries resulting in long-term disability.

63186
Medicine

1. Ochronosis (alkaptonuria)

Leads to bluish-black pigmentation of cartilage due to homogentisic acid deposition.

It causes degeneration but not calcification.

2. Chondrocalcinosis

Refers to calcification of cartilage, especially fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage.

Commonly associated with deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals.

Classic radiological finding: linear calcification in articular cartilage.

3. Hypervitaminosis D

Causes hypercalcemia and ectopic calcification in soft tissues, kidneys, vessels.

Not specifically cartilage calcification.

4. Hypoparathyroidism

Causes hypocalcemia, tetany, and sometimes basal ganglia calcification.

Cartilage calcification is not typical.

25143
Pedodontics

A periodontal probe measures the amount of attachment loss.

34779
Dental Materials

Resin-modified glass ionomer cements bond through micromechanical retention and chemical bonding.

52942
INI CET

Enameloplasty is the procedure performed when enamel is involved, involving the reshaping or removal of enamel to correct imperfections or improve aesthetics.

11636
Pharmacology

Methadone is a synthetic narcotic analgesic  The other major synthetic narcotic is meperidine (Demerol). Narcotic analgesics derived from opium are morphine, heroin (diacetylmorphine), and codeine.

93619
Orthodontics

The activator corrects retrognathic mandible by inducing adaptive growth at the condylar region through functional stimulation.

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