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State PSC PYQ

Necrosis causes gingival recession, so attachment loss occurs without pocket formation.

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Dental Materials

Heat-activated resins typically have a higher degree of polymerization, resulting in less residual monomer and greater strength compared to chemically activated resins.

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Anatomy

Immediately following the closure of the A-V valves is the period of Isometric relaxation

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Prosthodontics

A swing-lock partial denture produces relatively poor esthetic results for patients with short or extremely mobile lips because the mechanical attachment and swing mechanism may be visible during function, especially when lips are short or highly mobile. The visible hardware compromises esthetics in these patients.

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Prosthodontics

Centric Relation (CR): A maxillomandibular relationship where the condyles are in their most superior, anterior position against the articular eminences, independent of tooth contact.

Key Muscles: The temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid form a "sling" that closes the jaw and seats the condyles.

Temporalis Role: The temporalis muscle is especially important for pulling the mandible up and back, helping to achieve that ideal condylar seating for CR.

Pterygoids: The medial pterygoid also elevates the mandible, while the lateral pterygoid helps with opening and protrusion, but it's the coordinated action of the three main elevators that defines CR. 

Centric relation is a ligament-guided position of the mandible, not a muscle-guided one. It refers to the relationship when the condyles are in their most anterior-superior position against the posterior slopes of the articular eminences, with the discs properly interposed.

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Periodontics

Subgingival scaling and root planing (SRP) is a non-surgical procedure used to treat periodontal disease by removing plaque and calculus from below the gum line. The procedure significantly alters the microflora of the periodontal pocket. It shifts the microbial composition from a predominantly anaerobic, gram-negative population associated with disease to a microflora with a higher proportion of aerobic, gram-positive bacteria, which is indicative of periodontal health. This change is a primary goal of the treatment, as the reduction of pathogenic bacteria helps to reduce inflammation and infection.

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Oral Pathology

The most probable diagnosis for irregular bone loss and eosinophils is Hand-Schuller-Christian disease.

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Pedodontics

A band and loop space maintainer is a passive appliance used in pediatric dentistry to maintain space for a permanent tooth when a primary tooth is lost prematurely. It does not exert any active forces on the teeth, hence categorized as a passive appliance.

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Endodontics

Periapical surgery (also called apicoectomy or endodontic surgery) involves surgical intervention at the root apex and surrounding periapical tissues. Like any surgical procedure, it carries potential complications:

Paraesthesia → Injury or irritation of nearby nerves (e.g., inferior alveolar or mental nerve) can cause temporary or permanent altered sensation.

Ecchymoses → Bruising of soft tissues due to surgical trauma or bleeding in the operative area.

Stitch abscess → Localized infection at the suture site due to bacterial contamination or improper healing.

Since all of these can occur, the best choice is “All of the above.”

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Pedodontics

The type of load on teeth that is most destructive to the periodontium is horizontal.

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