NEET MDS Shorts
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Physiology
Pepsin is the primary enzyme responsible for the breakdown of proteins in the stomach during the gastric phase of digestion. It is secreted as pepsinogen by the chief cells of the gastric mucosa and is activated by hydrochloric acid to become pepsin.
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NEETMDS
Retaining the primary second molar is often the most conservative approach when the permanent successor is congenitally missing, provided the primary molar has a good root structure and is functional. Minimal proximal stripping can help
manage space and alignment
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INI CET
The WHO standard index age groups for oral health pathfinder surveys are typically 5 years (or 6 years), 12 years, 35–44 years, and 65–74 years.
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INI CET
Awake fibreoptic intubation is preferred for skull base fractures to avoid accidental intracranial placement of the tube (a risk with blind nasal intubation) and to manage potential cervical spine injuries.
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Community Dentistry
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NEETMDSPterygoid trismus (difficulty opening the mouth) is a known potential complication of an inferior alveolar nerve block injection, often due to trauma to the medial pterygoid muscle.
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Oral Surgery
Nasal fractures, even minor ones, can lead to bruising (ecchymosis) and
swelling (edema) around the nose and face due to the vascularity of the area. Most nasal fractures, especially minor ones, do not require reduction
(surgical realignment) unless there is significant displacement or functional
impairment. Typically, if reduction is necessary, it is done shortly after the
injury, not for a few weeks. Traumatic telecanthus (increased distance between the inner canthi of the
eyes) can occur with severe nasal injuries, but it is not a necessary
complication of all nasal fractures. Severe nasal fractures can lead to complications such as the telescoping of
the nasal complex, which may involve displacement into adjacent structures,
including the frontal sinus.
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PathologyEnlargement of interendothelial junctions: This option refers to the widening of the spaces between endothelial cells, which can occur during inflammation. This enlargement allows leukocytes to pass through the endothelium more easily. This is a significant mechanism in the process of leukocyte transmigration.
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Pharmacology
Acetazolamide is a carbonic acid anhydrase stimulant Acetazolamide, non-competitively (but reversibly) inhibits carbonic anhydrase in proximal tubular cells.
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ProsthodonticsThe T-clasp is used when the retentive undercut on the abutment tooth is located adjacent to the edentulous space. This design allows the clasp to engage the undercut on the tissue side of the tooth, providing retention while the reciprocal arm stabilizes from the opposite side. This is particularly useful in distal extension situations.