NEET MDS Shorts
95503
INI CET
Chronic constitutional symptoms (fever, weight loss) and a strongly positive Mantoux test (>15mm) are highly suggestive of TB even if initial sputum smears are negative.
76217
Oral MedicineCyclosporine-induced gingival enlargement is classified as a non-inflammatory condition. The condition is a side effect of the immunosuppressant drug cyclosporine, and while inflammation may be present as a secondary factor
69053
Oral PathologyBlue sclera are present in osteogenesis imperfecta.
23581
Physiology
Tubulo-glomerular feedback (TGF) and glomerulo-tubular feedback (GTF) are both important in regulating sodium reabsorption in the kidney tubules. TGF involves the macula densa sensing the sodium chloride concentration in the tubular fluid and adjusting the glomerular filtration rate accordingly, while GTF is the adjustment of tubular sodium reabsorption in response to changes in glomerular filtration rate.
38194
Oral PathologyHemophilia causes prolonged coagulation time due to deficiency of intrinsic pathway clotting factors (Factor VIII in Hemophilia A, Factor IX in Hemophilia B). This results in prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and whole blood clotting time. Leukemia may cause bleeding due to thrombocytopenia or leukostasis but not primarily prolonged coagulation time. Pernicious anemia and malignant neutropenia do not directly affect coagulation cascade.
63084
Oral PathologyHyaluronidase, sometimes referred to as the "spreading factor", is an enzyme produced by certain microorganisms (e.g., Streptococcus pyogenes and some Clostridium species) that degrades hyaluronic acid, a key component of the connective tissue matrix.
68900
Oral PathologyLamina dura is lost or partially lost in hyperparathyroidism.
54738
General PathologyChronic antral (type 2) gastritis is most commonly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
22533
Dental MaterialsGIC has an anticarious anticariogenic effect, It binds to tooth structure, Does not irritate the pulp tissue
76456
PeriodonticsHyaluronidase and chondroitinase are enzymes that play a role in the degradation of connective tissue components, including glycosaminoglycans in the periodontal tissues. These enzymes contribute to the breakdown of the extracellular matrix, which is significant in periodontal disease progression.