NEET MDS Shorts
18827
Public Health Dentistry
A measure that has validity is necessarily reliable, as reliability
is a prerequisite for validity. However, a measure that is reliable does not
necessarily mean it is valid. Validity refers to the degree to which a
measurement tool accurately measures what it is intended to measure. Reliability
is the consistency of the results produced by the tool.
13418
Microbiology
A classic example of delayed type IV hypersensitivity is the Mantoux tuberculin test in which skin induration indicates exposure to tuberculosis. This reaction is called "delayed hypersensitivity" because it is mediated by sensitized CD4+ T lymphocytes which process antigens in association with class II HLA molecules and release lymphokines. Hypersensitivity reactions with this mode of action include: Granulomatous diseases (mycobacteria, fungi) Tuberculin skin reactions Transplant rejection Contact dermatitis Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) mediated responses: CD8+ T cells are generated and lyse specific cells. Class I HLA molecules play a role. Reactions with this mode include: Neoplastic cell lysis Transplant rejection Virus-infected cell lysis
The lymphokines promote a reaction (especially mediated through macrophages) beginning in hours but reaching a peak in 2 to 3 days.
92362
General Medicine
CTPA is the most sensitive diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism, as it directly visualizes the emboli in the pulmonary arteries.
32487
NEETMDSSilicate-bonded investments use a silica sol binder, and the setting process involves the loss of water and alcohol, leading to a high amount of contraction during both setting and burnout phases. This contraction is compensated for by the expansion of the investment material.
76849
Conservative Dentistry
When inserting pieces of direct gold material, the condensation technique should preferably proceed from the center of the increment to the periphery of the cavity.
44123
Oral Pathology
87801
Dental Materials
Chelation of carboxyl groups of the polyacids with the calcium in the apatite of enamel and dentin is the main mechanism through which glass ionomer bonds to tooth structure. Glass ionomers release fluoride which results in the inhibiton of the progression of secondary caries. GIC is relatively biocompatable.
They elicit a greater pulp reaction as compared to ZnoE but generally less compared to zinc phosphate cement.
63601
ProsthodonticsWhen replacing all missing maxillary incisors with PFM restorations, both canines and first premolars should be used as abutments. The four missing incisors create a large span requiring additional support beyond just the canines. Including the first premolars provides better force distribution, stability, and reduces stress on individual abutments, improving long-term prognosis.
90909
Pharmacology
Treatment of acute gout is mainly to control symptoms, i.e. pain, swelling etc.
The symptoms of acute gout are due to inflammation in the joints.
So, drugs which decrease inflammation are used in acute gout, i.e. anti-inflammatory drugs. Drugs are:- NSAIDs, Colchicine, Corticosteroids
83067
PhysiologyThe threshold for phosphate excretion is when the plasma phosphate concentration reaches approximately 0.50 mM, causing some to be filtered into the urine.