90281

Anterior to lateral pterygoid plate. In the extraoral maxillary nerve block, the needle is inserted at the posterior aspect of the condylar neck and directed anteriorly to target the pterygomandibular space, which contains the maxillary nerve and its branches. This technique is used to anesthetize the molars and premolars of the upper jaw and is also known as the Vazirani-Akinosi technique.

37857

The sprue former should be attached to the wax pattern at the area of more bulk

37191

polyether materials are subject to distortion as a result of water sorption

69499

In the presence of a confounding variable, the observed association between a disease and a factor is often spurious, meaning it appears to be a direct causal link but is actually due to the influence of the unmeasured confounding factor.

55998

The ratio of glycine to taurine conjugates of bile acids is normally 3:1.

51501

The final polish of a cast gold alloy to achieve a smooth polished surface is done by

1) Pickling: This is a process used to remove oxides and impurities from the surface of a metal before applying a final finish. However, it does not provide the final polish.
2) Electropolishing: This technique uses an electrical current to dissolve the metal surface and create a smooth finish, but it is not commonly used for gold alloy restorations.
3) Sandblasting: This method involves propelling an abrasive material against the metal surface to smooth and clean it, but it is too aggressive for the final polish of a gold alloy restoration.
4) Rouge: Rouge is a fine abrasive paste used with a polishing wheel or point to achieve the final polish on a cast gold alloy restoration. It removes minor imperfections and gives a high luster to the metal.

The correct answer is 4) Rouge, as it is the standard technique for achieving a smooth, polished surface on cast gold alloys.

62274

Gold foil is used in direct gold restorations to create a three-dimensional structure that can hold the loosely bound powdered gold in place. The foil acts as a container and facilitates the condensation of the gold particles into a cohesive mass, which is then adapted to the prepared cavity.

69593

89928

In vital teeth, root canal filling should be 0.5-1mm short of the radiographic apex to avoid overfilling into periapical tissues. This corresponds to the apical constriction (cementodentinal junction), the ideal termination point.

38194

Hemophilia causes prolonged coagulation time due to deficiency of intrinsic pathway clotting factors (Factor VIII in Hemophilia A, Factor IX in Hemophilia B). This results in prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and whole blood clotting time. Leukemia may cause bleeding due to thrombocytopenia or leukostasis but not primarily prolonged coagulation time. Pernicious anemia and malignant neutropenia do not directly affect coagulation cascade.