74128

Lupus nephritis is the most common complication of chronic SLE, affecting approximately 50% of patients. It is characterized by inflammation of the kidneys and can lead to kidney failure if not properly managed.

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Conjunctivitis is often associated with Sjögren's syndrome, which can cause oral mucosal swelling and xerostomia.

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One of the main disadvantages of using a loop lingual arch to upright the first molar is that it can lead to flaring of the mandibular incisors due to the forces applied.

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HLA class I antigens are the principal antigens that induce an immune response in the host against transplanted tissues.

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If degenerative changes occur in the junctional epithelium, pocket formation is retarded.

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Earnest Klein's classification of habits distinguishes between intentional habits (those that are consciously performed) and non-intentional habits (those that occur unconsciously or without deliberate intention). This classification helps in understanding the nature of habits, particularly in the context of dental and orthodontic practices.

79653

Craniectomy is a surgical procedure that may be performed to treat fibrous dysplasia of the bone, particularly when the condition affects the skull and causes complications such as increased intracranial pressure, vision impairment, or cosmetic deformity.

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Fractures of the middle third of the face can be viewed in all except PA view.

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• Increasing the width of attached gingiva is important for periodontal health and aesthetics. Here’s how these techniques generally perform:
  • Laterally positioned pedicle graft involves using tissue from an adjacent site to augment the width of attached gingiva at the recession site without losing blood supply, making it quite effective.
  • Free gingival graft can also increase attached gingiva, but since it comes from a donor site, the healing and appearance may not be optimal compared to pedicle grafts.
  • Apically displaced flap primarily repositions existing tissue and may not necessarily increase the width of attached gingiva.

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Prions are infectious proteins that are highly resistant to destruction by proteases and other methods that typically degrade proteins. This resistance is what allows them to persist in the host and cause disease. They do not contain nucleic acid, which is a hallmark of other types of infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.