NEET MDS Shorts
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Physiology
The vestibulospinal tract is a medial pathway that plays a critical role in maintaining posture and balance by coordinating the contraction of antigravity muscles in response to information from the vestibular system.
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Oral PathologyAn ameloblastic fibroma is a benign odontogenic tumor that contains both epithelial and mesenchymal components, making it a mixed tissue neoplasm. While it can resemble an ameloblastoma histologically, it is generally less aggressive and has a better prognosis. Ameloblastic fibromas are often found in younger patients and can be treated effectively with surgical excision.
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PharmacologyCarbamazepine is the primary and most effective medication used to treat trigeminal neuralgia. It is an anticonvulsant drug that works by reducing nerve impulses that cause pain.
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ProsthodonticsThe mean denture bearing area in the edentulous mandible is approximately 12.25 cm square.
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Physiology
The pancreas contains several types of cells, including alpha cells that secrete glucagon, beta cells that produce insulin, and delta cells that secrete somatostatin. Each type has a specific function in regulating metabolism and digestion.
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General Microbiologyoth recombinant and plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccines should be stored at temperatures between 4°C and 8°C to maintain their efficacy and stability. Proper storage is crucial to ensure the vaccines remain effective when administered.
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Oral Medicine
Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. These antibodies can bind to phospholipids in cell membranes, leading to a prothrombotic state and an increased risk of thrombosis. The exact mechanism by which these antibodies induce thrombosis is complex and may involve interference with anticoagulant proteins like protein C and protein S, as well as platelet activation and endothelial damage. However, the primary mechanism is the presence of these autoantibodies.
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EndodonticsIn post core preparation, the sectional gutta-percha technique is used. This technique involves: 1) Removing the coronal portion of gutta-percha for post space preparation, 2) Leaving the apical portion intact to maintain apical seal, 3) The gutta-percha is sectioned at a predetermined level (usually leaving 4-5mm apically), 4) Heat or solvents are used to remove only the coronal portion, 5) This maintains the apical seal while allowing post placement. Thermoplasticized and vertical techniques make removal more difficult, while lateral condensation can be sectioned but is not specifically designed for post preparation.
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EndodonticsThe sealability with either vertical or lateral condensation techniques depends on the shape of the prepared canal. This is correct because: 1) Round, tapered canals are ideal for both techniques, 2) Oval or irregular canals may be better filled with vertical condensation, 3) Lateral condensation works best in canals with proper taper and resistance form, 4) Vertical condensation can adapt better to canal irregularities, 5) Neither technique is universally superior - success depends on canal anatomy and operator skill. Proper canal preparation is more important than the specific obturation technique chosen.
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Dental Materials
The setting time for gypsum products can range from a few minutes for impression plaster to up to 30 minutes for some dental stones, depending on the specific formulation and water to powder ratio.