20402

Explanation: Class IV in the Ellis classification indicates a fracture that has resulted in pulp exposure, often leading to a non-vital tooth. Class IV: Crown Fracture with Pulp Involvement Description: Extensive fracture involving enamel, dentin, and pulp, often with significant loss of tooth structure.Endodontic Consideration: Endodontic treatment is necessary due to pulp exposure. The tooth may require additional restorative procedures after root canal therapy to restore function and aesthetics.

69566

The apically displaced flap procedure is a common surgical technique in periodontology that achieves two goals: the elimination of periodontal pockets and an increase in the width of the attached gingiva. 

15601

The synthesis of urea takes place in the liver by the process called ''Ornithine cycle'' or "Urea cycle"
This cycle was discovered by Hans Krebs and Kurt Henseleit in the year 1932.
The Ornithine cycle is completed in 5 steps:
1. Conversion of ammonia into carbamoyl phosphate
2.The transfer of carbamoyl group from carbamoyl phosphate to ornithine
3. Releasing of the formed citrulline into the cytosol
4. Cleavage of argininosuccinate
5. Hydrolysis of Arginine: The final step involves the hydrolysis of Arginine into urea and ornithine

45260

Presence of cavitation in TB indicates the disease is active

26802

The largest and longest root canal of the maxillary second molar is the lingual

40685

73331

The labial bow in an activator is constructed with 0.8 mm wire, slightly heavier to provide stability and retention.

40115

The parakeratinised type of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is significantly more common than the orthokeratinised type, making up the vast majority of cases. 

82298

After a myocardial infarction (MI), elective dental treatment is generally deferred for at least 6 months because of the risk of reinfarction.
However, if urgent treatment such as full mouth extractions is required within 6 months, it must be done with special precautions.
Since the patient is on anticoagulant therapy, the prothrombin time (PT/INR) must be checked and controlled to reduce bleeding risk.
The safest approach is:
Hospitalize the patient for monitoring.
Control PT/INR before surgery.
Perform extractions under local anesthesia (general anesthesia carries higher cardiovascular risk).

49049

During eruption of permanent teeth, alveolar bone is resorbed and deposited intermittently