NEET MDS Shorts
69306
ProsthodonticsExcessive vertical dimension may affect all of the above: encroaching the freeway space, proper centric relation, proper retention.
21221
PeriodonticsGore-Tex is a type of barrier membrane used in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedures. Its primary purpose is to prevent the formation of long junctional epithelium, allowing for the regeneration of periodontal tissues, including bone and connective tissue. While it does not directly prevent osseous regeneration or connective tissue attachment, it creates a barrier that favors the regeneration of the desired tissues.
71229
EndodonticsThe length of time the tooth was out of the mouth directly affects the prognosis of an avulsed tooth most significantly. Critical time factors: 1) <30 minutes - excellent prognosis if properly managed, 2) 30-60 minutes - fair prognosis with increased risk of complications, 3) >60 minutes - poor prognosis with high likelihood of replacement resorption, 4) >2 hours - very poor prognosis. Extraoral time determines periodontal ligament cell viability, which is crucial for successful reattachment. While other factors matter, extraoral time is the most critical prognostic factor for avulsed teeth.
78329
INI CET
Measles is a live attenuated vaccine, injectable polio (Salk) is a killed vaccine, hepatitis B is a recombinant vaccine, and diphtheria is a toxoid vaccine.
24058
NEETMDS
The enamel in primary teeth often has an aprismatic and wavy orientation, which necessitates a longer etching time to achieve proper bonding.
53519
PeriodonticsThe ideal thickness for a graft is typically between 1.0 to 1.5 mm to ensure adequate healing and integration.
11713
Pathology
Oncofoetal antigens are substances that are normally present in the
developing fetus but are found in abnormally high quantities in the tissues of
certain cancer cells. These antigens are proteins that can be used as markers
for the detection of certain types of cancers. The presence of these antigens in
cancer cells suggests that the tumor cells have partially reverted to a more
primitive, embryonic stage of development.
Explanation for each option:
1. á-Fetoprotein (AFP): This is an oncofoetal antigen. It is a glycoprotein that
is produced by the liver cells of the developing fetus. In adults, the
production of AFP is usually very low. However, in cases of certain cancers such
as hepatocellular carcinoma (primary liver cancer) and some types of testicular
cancer, the tumor cells start producing AFP in large amounts. Therefore, high
levels of AFP in the blood can be indicative of these cancers.
2. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): CEA is another example of an oncofoetal
antigen. It is a glycoprotein that is present in the gastrointestinal tract,
pancreas, and sometimes in the respiratory and reproductive systems of a
developing fetus. In adults, CEA levels are typically very low. However, in
certain types of cancers, such as colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, and some
forms of lung, pancreatic, and breast cancer, the tumor cells may start
producing large amounts of CEA, which can be detected in the blood and used as a
tumor marker for these malignancies.
3. A and B: Both α-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen are examples of
oncofoetal antigens, so this option is correct.
61964
INI CET
Gardner syndrome is a subtype of familial adenomatous polyposis and is not typically associated with cleft lip and palate. Van der Woude syndrome, Popliteal pterygium syndrome, and Pierre Robin Sequence all have associations with cleft lip and palate or related craniofacial anomalies.
74072
Dental Materials
Zinc is included in amalgam alloys as an aid in manufacturing to produce clean, sound castings of the ingots used for cut-particle alloys.
11636
Pharmacology
Methadone is a synthetic narcotic analgesic The other major synthetic narcotic is meperidine (Demerol). Narcotic analgesics derived from opium are morphine, heroin (diacetylmorphine), and codeine.