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NEET MDS Shorts

82343
Radiology

Lateral oblique 30 degrees is best for viewing horizontal favorable or unfavorable fractures of the mandible. This increased angulation provides better visualization of the fracture line orientation and helps determine whether the fracture is favorable (muscle pull helps reduction) or unfavorable (muscle pull causes displacement).

15564
Oral Pathology

Frequent bouts of epistaxis (nosebleeds) are a classic and often the earliest symptom of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), also known as Osler-Weber-Rendu disease. This genetic disorder causes abnormal blood vessel formation (telangiectasias) in various organs, particularly the nose, leading to recurrent bleeding.

61423
NEETMDS

Ashley/s flap (or the Ashley procedure) is a type of palatal flap used in periodontal surgery, characterized by being a palatal pedicle flap.

73900
Prosthodontics

Centric Relation (CR): A maxillomandibular relationship where the condyles are in their most superior, anterior position against the articular eminences, independent of tooth contact.

Key Muscles: The temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid form a "sling" that closes the jaw and seats the condyles.

Temporalis Role: The temporalis muscle is especially important for pulling the mandible up and back, helping to achieve that ideal condylar seating for CR.

Pterygoids: The medial pterygoid also elevates the mandible, while the lateral pterygoid helps with opening and protrusion, but it's the coordinated action of the three main elevators that defines CR. 

Centric relation is a ligament-guided position of the mandible, not a muscle-guided one. It refers to the relationship when the condyles are in their most anterior-superior position against the posterior slopes of the articular eminences, with the discs properly interposed.

46754
NEETMDS

Ludwig's angina is a serious, potentially life-threatening infection of the floor of the mouth, typically polymicrobial in nature. The most common causative agents are bacteria that are part of the normal oral flora, primarily streptococci (both aerobic and anaerobic) and anaerobes, especially Bacteroides and Fusobacterium species. Anaerobic streptococci are frequently isolated from these infections, making them a primary agent.

30909
Periodontics

Subgingival calculus is often found in the lower anterior region due to the anatomy and position of the teeth.

24644
Physiology

Stage 3 NREM, also known as slow-wave sleep, is characterized by delta waves on EEG and is associated with the lowest body temperature, decreased heart rate, and decreased muscle tone, indicating a deep restorative sleep state.

71912
Pedodontics

Reduction in inflammation and pocket depth is a clinical change that may be apparent after scaling and root planing.

72434
Dental Anatomy

Well over 50% of maxillary 1st molars have two canals in the mesiobuccal root. Some authors cite the number as high as 90%.

There are usually 3 roots and 4 canals in a maxillary 1st molar.
The fourth canal, the mesiolingual canal, is also referred to as: the accessory mesiobuccal canal, mesiocentric, mesiopalatal canal or MB2. 
It is usually tough to find MB2 through clinical inspection and it is not obvious on a radiograph. A dentist should expect it is present before beginning a root canal on the first maxillary molar.

60884
General Pathology

Bullae in a localized cutaneous infection with Staphylococcus aureus typically develop high in the epidermis due to the infection.

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