NEET MDS Shorts
40499
General Medicine
In developing countries, the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency is tuberculosis, due to its higher prevalence and ability to spread to various organs, including the adrenal glands.
97164
Pharmacology
Dimercaprol (British antilewisite; BAL) 1. Poisoning by As, Hg, Au, Bi, Ni, Sb: it is administered i.m., 5 mg/kg stat, followed by 2-3 mg/kg every 4 – 8 hours for 2 days, then once or twice a day for 10 days. It is partly oxidized and glucuronide conjugated, but mainly excreted as such in 4 – 6 hours. Earlier the treatment is instituted, the better it is. Because the dimercaprolmetal complex dissociates faster in acidic urine and the released metal can damage the kidney, urine is alkalinized during dimercaprol therapy. 2. As an adjuvant to Cal. Disod. Edentate in lead poisoning. 3. As an adjuvant to penicillamine in Cu poisoning and in Wilson’s disease – 300 mg/day i.m. for 10 days every second month. It is contraindicated in iron and cadmium poisoning, because the dimercaprol-Fe and dimercaprol-Cd complex is itself toxic.
63063
Oral PathologyMyositis ossificans generalisata (fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva) causes progressive ossification of muscles, tendons, and ligaments, leading to a "petrified" or stone-like condition where the patient becomes immobilized. This rare genetic disorder progressively restricts movement as soft tissues calcify. Dystrophic myotonia, dermatomyositis, and proliferative myositis do not cause this petrification process.
58128
RadiologyDouble intensifying screens with screen film significantly reduce exposure time by amplifying the X-ray effect. The screens convert X-ray photons to light photons, which expose the film more efficiently than direct X-ray exposure. This reduces radiation dose to the patient while maintaining image quality.
84215
Oral PathologyAnitschow's cells, also known as "caterpillar cells," are a type of histiocyte that can be found in the context of certain inflammatory conditions, including aphthous ulcers. These cells are indicative of a specific immune response and are often associated with the healing process of these painful oral lesions.
51469
Physiology
In the sympathetic nervous system, the pre-to-post ganglionic fiber ratio of 1:20 to 1:100 indicates that there are fewer postganglionic fibers than preganglionic fibers. This ratio suggests that each preganglionic neuron synapses with multiple postganglionic neurons, thereby amplifying the sympathetic response to a given input.
44156
Dental AnatomyA mandibular primate space is usually found in the primary dentition between canine and first molar
68043
INI CET
Pain that disappears immediately after the removal of a stimulus (like cold) is indicative of reversible pulpitis or dentin hypersensitivity, which is treated conservatively with desensitizing agents.
60992
Medicine
21363
Oral PathologyA large tongue is a common feature of acromegaly.