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89212

The direction of the force is the most critical factor for the adaptation of gold foil to cavity walls because the force must be directed at a \(45^{\circ }\) angle to the cavity wall to ensure proper condensation and a tight seal.

59697

For a class V gold restoration, the mesial and distal cavity margins should end at the line angles of the tooth to ensure proper adaptation and prevent overhangs. This is important for both functional and aesthetic reasons

71200

During cavity preparation, the most common area for exposure is a Class V cavity in the first premolar. A Class V cavity is a five-sided cavity that involves the gingival margin of the tooth and the proximal surface. These cavities are particularly prone to exposure because the gingival tissue in this region can be thin, and the proximity to the bone can lead to inadvertent damage during the preparation process.

54185

1. The use of adhesive sealants: Adhesive sealants are thin, plastic coatings applied to the chewing surfaces of the back teeth. They fill in the grooves and depressions, creating a smooth surface that is easier to clean. Sealants act as a barrier, preventing food and bacteria from lodging in these areas and thus reducing the risk of tooth decay. This is considered the best preventive measure because it directly addresses the anatomical vulnerability of the teeth and can be applied quickly and painlessly.

2. Topical fluoride application: While topical fluoride is beneficial in preventing dental cavities, it is not as effective as sealants in preventing pit and fissure caries. Fluoride helps to strengthen the enamel and makes it more resistant to acid attacks from plaque bacteria. However, because the pits and fissures are already deep and narrow, fluoride may not always reach these areas effectively. Sealants, on the other hand, provide a physical barrier that fluoride cannot always penetrate.

92189

Amount of force needed to condense direct filling gold depends on the surface area of the condenser. The larger the surface area, the less pressure is required to achieve proper condensation. The force applied affects the compaction of the gold, but it is the size and shape of the condenser point that dictate the actual pressure exerted on the material. 

91614

The bonding in porcelain fused to metal (PFM) restorations is achieved through a combination of both chemical and mechanical mechanisms. 

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Porcelain restorations are known for their superior esthetics, primarily due to their ability to mimic the natural color, translucency, and harmony of natural teeth, which is a significant advantage over other tooth-colored restorations like composite resins.

54331

Composite resin is the material of choice for restoring anterior teeth angle fractures due to its aesthetic qualities, ability to bond directly to the tooth structure, and conservative preparation requirements.

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Acid etching is a dental procedure that creates a micromechanical bond between the tooth surface and a restorative material. This bonding process significantly reduces microleakage, which is the microscopic space between the tooth and the restoration where bacteria and fluids can penetrate.