NEET MDS Shorts
92154
General Medicine
While daily wound dressing changes are a part of ulcer care, the other options are more critical in the comprehensive management of diabetic foot ulcers.
52313
General MedicineThe commonest cause of angina pectoris is coronary atheroma (atherosclerosis). Atherosclerotic plaques narrow coronary arteries, reducing blood flow to the myocardium during increased demand (exercise, stress), causing the characteristic chest pain of angina.
17242
General Medicine
Adrenaline is the drug of choice in anaphylactic shock as it acts rapidly to counteract the effects of histamine by causing vasoconstriction and bronchodilation. It is administered intramuscularly to ensure quick absorption and action.
33624
General Medicine
The precursor of vitamin D3, 7-dehydrocholesterol, is present in the keratinocytes of the skin's stratum corneum. Upon exposure to UV light, it is converted into cholecalciferol (vitamin D3).
49568
General Medicine
The presence of acetylcholine receptor antibodies in the serum is the most sensitive and specific diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis.
18060
General Medicine
Minimal-change disease is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, with a prevalence of 65%. In contrast, it is less common in adults, affecting only 10% of cases.
71557
General MedicineEarly manifestations of HIV infection can include unexplained weight loss and generalized fear or anxiety. Kaposi's sarcoma and hairy leukoplakia are more common in later stages of HIV infection.
78587
General Medicine
Hemophilia A is an X-linked recessive disorder, caused by a deficiency of factor VIII. Since the patient's mother is a carrier, she must have one defective X chromosome and one normal X chromosome. The patient, being a male, has a 50% chance of inheriting the disorder from his mother, which is the most likely scenario given the family history and the X-linked inheritance pattern. Hemophilia B is also X-linked but would be mentioned as Christmas disease if it were the correct answer. Hageman trait is an autosomal recessive disorder related to factor XII, which is less common than Hemophilia A and B.
25520
General MedicinePulmonary fibrosis can result from various causes, including infections (like tuberculosis), infarction, and exposure to harmful substances (like silica in pneumoconiosis).
79450
General Medicine
Digoxin is a positive inotrope, hence it increases the force of myocardial contraction and may be effective in heart failure. It is a cardiac glycoside, which reduces the conductivity of the atrioventricular (AV) node and which may be used in atrial fibrillation.
Digoxin has a long half-life and is given once daily. It is cleared by the renal system and hence renal impairment requires the reduction of digoxin dose.
Arrhythmias, such as atrial tachycardia, may be a sign of digoxin toxicity.
Digoxin toxicity is enhanced if there are 67 electrolyte disturbances, especially hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia and hypercalcaemia.