General Pathology

Cor pulmonale a failure of the right side of the heart. It is caused by prolonged high blood pressure in the right ventricle of the heart, which in turn is most often caused by pulmonary hypertension - prolonged high blood pressure in the arteries or veins of the lungs. People with heart disease, or lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis, are at greater risk. Pathophysiology There are several mechanisms leading to pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale: Pul…

Lichen planus is an itchy, violaceous, flat-topped papule highlighted by white dots or lines called Wickham's striae.  - lichen planus may occur in the oral mucosa, where it has a fine white net-like appearance.  - increased epidermal proliferation; ? immunologic; initiated by epidermal injury from drugs, viruses, or topical agents.  - characteristic histologic features include:  - hyperkeratosis  - absence of parakeratosis  -…

Nephrosclerosis  Disease of the renal arteries.  Clinical manifestations:  (1) Benign (arterial) nephrosclerosis →  Caused by the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the renal artery. Results in narrowing of the arterioles. (2) Malignant nephrosclerosis → Caused by malignant hypertension. Common signs of malignant hypertension include severe hypertension, retinal hemorrhages, and hypertrophy of the left ventricle. Results in…

Group A Streptococcus  - scarlet fever usually begins as a Streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis and then develops an erythematous rash beginning on the trunk and limbs with eventual desquamation.  - rash is due to elaboration of erythrogenic toxin by the organism  - face is usually spared, but, if involved there is a characteristic circumoral pallor and the tongue becomes bright red, thus the term "strawberry tongue".  - post-strep…

Pathology The branch of medicine dealing with the essential nature of disease, especially changes in body tissues aorgans that cause or are caused by disease. Pathology is the structural and functional manifestations of disease.   Anatomic pathology  the anatomical study of …