General Pathology

Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever; San Joaquin Fever) A disease caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis, usually occurring in a primary form as an acute benign asymptomatic or self-limited respiratory infection, occasionally disseminating to cause focal lesions in skin, subcutaneous tissues, lymph nodes, bones, liver, kidneys, meninges, brain, or other tissues. Primary coccidioidomycosis is usually asymptomatic, but nonspecific respiratory symptoms resembling…

Parasitic 1. Leishmania produce 3 kinds of disease in man - visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar) due to Leishmania donovani complex,  - cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania tropica complex, and  - mucocutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania braziliensis.     - cutaneous (Oriental sore) and mucocutansous leishmaniasis limit themselves to the skinalone (ulcers) in the former disease and skin plus mucous membranes in the latter var…

Congenital heart defect Congenital heart defects can be broadly categorised into two groups, o    acyanotic heart defects ('pink' babies) :  An acyanotic heart defect is any heart defect of a group of structural congenital heart defects,  approximately 75% of all congenital heart defects.  It can be subdivided into two groups depending on whether there is shunting of the blood from the left vasculature to the right (left t…

PRIMARY LYMPHEDEMA   can occur as: 1- A congenital defect, resulting from lymphatic agenesis or hypoplasia.   2- Secondary or obstructive lymphedema   - blockage of a previously normal lymphatic; e.g. Malignant tumors  - Surgical procedures that remove lymph nodes  - Postirradiation   - Fibrosis  - Filariasis  - Postinflammatory thrombosis and scarring …

EXOCRINE PANCREAS Congenital anomalies 1. Ectopic pancreatic tissue most commonly occurs in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, Meckel's diverticulum, and ileum. It may be either asymptomatic or cause obstruction, bleeding, intussusception.  2.Annular pancreas is a ring of pancreatic tissue that encircle the duodenum and may cause duodenal obstruction.  Cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis is a systemic disorder of exocrine gland secretion presenti…