Study Notes

Salivary Flow Rate Assessment Normal Values: Stimulated whole saliva: 1-3 ml/min Unstimulated whole saliva: 0.3-0.4 ml/min Hyposalivation: <0.1 ml/min unstimulated Collection Methods: Spitting method: Most common Suction method: For compromised patients Paraffin wax stimulation: Standardized approach Salivary Buffer Capacity Testing Methods: Dentobuff system: Commercial kit pH measurement: Before and after acid challenge Clinical s…

Structure There are 3 pairs  The functional unit is the adenomere. The adenomere consists of secreting units and an intercalated duct, which opens, in a striated duct. An secreting unit can be: - mucous secreting - serous secreting THE SECRETING UNIT THE CELLS Serous cells (seromucus cells=secrete also polysaccharides), They have all the features of a cell specialized for the synthesis, storage, and secretion of protein  Pyra…

Protein electrophoresis is a laboratory technique used to separate proteins based on their size, charge, or other physical properties. It plays a vital role in diagnosing and monitoring various diseases, especially those involving abnormal protein production or structure. Types of Protein Electrophoresis 1. SPE (Serum Protein Electrophoresis) Principle: Separation of serum proteins based on their charge. Major Fractions: Albumin …

Contraindications and Limitations Gingivectomy Major Contraindication: When pocket bottom is apical to mucogingival junction Risk: Inadequate attached gingiva post-surgery Curettage Protocol Prerequisite: Should always be preceded by scaling and root planing Rationale: Reduce bacterial load before surgical intervention GTR (Guided Tissue Regeneration) Membrane Placement Technique Apical Extension: 3-4mm apical to defect margin Late…

EMBOLISM  An embolus is a detached intravascular solid, liquid, or gaseous mass that is carried by the blood to a site distant from its point of origin 99% due to dislodged thrombus Types:  1. Thrombo-embolism  2. Fat embolism  3. Air embolism  4. Nitrogen embolism  Emboli result in partial or complete vascular occlusion.   The consequences of thromboembolism include ischemic necrosis (infarction) of downstr…