Study Notes

Sphingosine is an amino alcohol present in sphingomyelins (sphingophospholipids).  They do not contain glycerol at all. Sphingosine is attached by an amide linkage to a fatty acid to produce ceramide. The alcohol group of sphingosine is bound to phosphorylcholine in sphingomyelin structure. . Sphingomyelins are important constituents of myelin and are found in good quantity in brain and nervous tissues.…

CRUCIBLE FORMER It serves as a base for the casting ring during investing .Usually convex in shape. May be metal , plastic or rubber . Shape depends on casting machine used . Modern machines use tall crucible to enable the pattern to be positioned near the end of the casting machine .…

Alcohols as Antiseptics Ethanol and isopropyl alcohol are commonly used as antiseptics in various healthcare settings. They possess antibacterial properties and are effective against a range of microorganisms, although they have limitations in their effectiveness against certain pathogens. Mechanism of Action Antibacterial Activity: Alcohols exhibit antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative …

Bone-Forming Tumors 1. Osteoma is a benign lesion of bone that in many cases represent a developmental abnormaly or reactive growth rather than true neoplasms. They are most common in the head, including the paranasal sinuses.  Microscopically, there is a mixture of woven and lamellar bone. They may cause local mechanical problems (e.g., obstruction of a sinus cavity) and cosmetic deformities.  2. Osteoid Osteoma and Osteoblastoma  are benign …

Mercury bioactivity Metallic mercury is the least toxic from and is absorbed primarily through the lungs rather than the GI tract or skin Mercury in the body may come from air, water, food. dental (a low amount). Or medical sources  Half life for mercury elimination from body is 55 days .- mercury toxicity is <50 µm / m3 on average per 40-hour work week. Mercury hypersensitivity is estimated as less than 1 per 100,000,000 persons Indium…