Study Notes

Rickets and Osteomalacia  Rickets in growing children and osteomalacia in adults are skeletal diseases with worldwide distribution. They may result from 1. Diets deficient in calcium and vitamin D 2. Limited exposure to sunlight (in heavily veiled women, and inhabitants of northern climates with scant sunlight) 3. Renal disorders causing decreased synthesis of 1,25 (OH)2-D or phosphate depletion  4. Malabsorption disorders. Although rickets and o…

Derived from Reduced Enamel Epithelium (REE): Dentigerous Cyst Eruption Cyst Paradental Cyst Derived from Rests of Serres (remnants of dental lamina): Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) Gingival Cyst of Newborn Gingival Cyst of Adult Lateral Periodontal Cyst Glandular Odontogenic Cyst…

 Other sedatives: carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine, and methocarbamol are used for muscle relaxation. Baclofen 1. Used in spasticity states to relax skeletal muscle. 2. Occasionally used in trigeminal neuralgia. Antihistamines (first-generation H1 receptor blockers) 1. Used for sedation (e.g., diphenhydramine). Ethyl alcohol…

Feature Insight vWD inheritance Autosomal dominant Bleeding time ↑ in vWD Differentiates from Hemophilia A Factor VIII <1% Spontaneous bleeding in Hemophilia A…

Methadone Pharmacology and analgesic potency similar to morphine. Very effective following oral administration. Longer duration of action than morphine due to plasma protein binding (t1/2 approximately 25 hrs). Used in methadone maintenance programs for drug addicts and for opiate withdrawal. Opiate withdrawal is more prolonged but is less intense than it is following morphine or heroin.…