Halothane (Fluothane) MAC 0.76%, Blood/gas solubility ratio 2.3
- Nonflammable.
- Any depth of anesthesia can be obtained in the absence of hypoxia.
- Halothane produces a marked hypotensive effect 
- accompanies hypotension.
- Halothane “sensitizes” the ventricular conduction system in the heart to the action of catecholamines. However, ventricular arrhythmias are rare if
- respiratory acidosis, hypoxia and other causes of sympathetic stimulation are avoided.
- Respiration is depressed by all anesthetic concentrations.
- Halothane is metabolized to a significant extent and some of its metabolic produces have been shown to be hepatotoxic.
- Can produce a malignant hyperpyrexia due to an uncontrolled hypermetabolic reaction in skeletal muscle. 

Halothane is generally used with nitrous oxide, an opiate and a neuromuscular blocking drug.

Griseofulvin

• Griseofulvin is an antifungal drug. It is used both in animals and in humans, to treat ringworm infections of the skin and nails. It is derived from the mold Penicillium griseofulvum.
• It is administered orally.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide, Methazolamide, Ethoxzolamide

Mechanism of Action

1.    Carbonic anhydrase (CA) facilitates excretion of H+ and recovery of bicarbonate by the proximal renal tubule and ciliary epithelium of the eye. Sodium is recovered in exchange for H+. 
2.    Inhibitors block CA block sodium recovery. A very mild diuresis is produced (this is really a side effect of their use in glaucoma) because relatively unimportant mechanism for Na recovery and because proximal tubule site means that other sodium recovery mechansims continue to process their normal fraction of the sodium load.
 

ANTIBIOTICS

Chemotherapy: Drugs which inhibit or kill the infecting organism and have no/minimum effect on the recipient.

Antibiotic these are substances produced by microorganisms which suppress the growth of or kill other micro-organisms at very low concentrations.

Anti-microbial Agents: synthetic as well as naturally obtained drugs that attenuate micro-organism.

SYNTHETIC ORGANIC ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS

Sulfonamides

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Quinolones – Ciprofloxacin

ANTIBIOTICS THAT ACT ON THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL

Penicillins

Cephalosporins

Vancomycin

INHIBITORS OF BACTERIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Aminoglycosides - Gentamicin

Antitubercular Drugs: Isoniazid & Rifampin

Tetracyclines

Chloramphenicol

Macrolides – Erythromycin, Azithromycin

Clindamycin

Mupirocin

Linezolid

 ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS

Polyene Antibiotics (Amphotericin B, Nystatin and Candicidin)

Imidazole and Triazole Antifungal Drugs

Flucytosine

Griseofulvin

ANTIPROTOZOAL DRUGS

Antimalarial Drugs – Quinine, Chloroquine, Primaquine

Other Antiprotozoal Drugs – Metronidazole, Diloxanide, Iodoquinol

 ANTIHELMINTHIC DRUGS

Praziquantel

Mebendazole

Ivermectin

ANTIVIRAL DRUGS

Acyclovir

Ribavirin

Dideoxynucleosides

Protease inhibitors

TCI -Target Controlled Infusion

TCI is an infusion system which allows the anaesthetist to select the target blood concentration required for a particular effect and then to control depth of anaesthesia by adjusting the requested target concentration

Mechanism

Instead of setting ml/h or a dose rate (mg/kg/h), the pump can be programmed to target a required blood concentration.

• Effect site concentration targeting is now included for certain pharmacokinetic models.

• The pump will automatically calculate how much is needed as induction and maintenance to maintain that concentration.

Oxyphenbutazone: one of the metabolites of  phenylbutazone. Apazone.  Similar to  phenylbutazone, but less likely to cause  agranulocytosis