Grinding and Etching: The common methods for creating
surface roughness to enhance mechanical bonding include grinding or etching
the surface.
Grinding: This method produces gross mechanical
roughness but leaves a smear layer of hydroxyapatite crystals and
denatured collagen approximately 1 to 3 µm thick.
Etching: Etching can remove the smear layer and
create a more favorable surface for bonding.
Importance of Surface Preparation
Proper surface preparation is critical for achieving effective
mechanical bonding between dental materials, ensuring the longevity and
success of restorations.
