Eruption Gingivitis

• Eruption gingivitis is a transitory form of gingivitis observed in young children during the eruption of primary teeth. It is characterized by localized inflammation of the gingiva that typically subsides once the teeth have fully emerged into the oral cavity.

Characteristics

• Age Group:

  • Eruption gingivitis is most commonly seen in young children, particularly during the eruption of primary teeth. However, a significant increase in the incidence of gingivitis is often noted in the 6-7 year age group when permanent teeth begin to erupt.

• Mechanism:

  • The increase in gingivitis during this period is attributed to several factors:
    • Lack of Protection: During the early stages of active eruption, the gingival margin does not receive protection from the coronal contour of the tooth, making it more susceptible to irritation and inflammation.
    • Food Impingement: The continual impingement of food on the gingiva can exacerbate the inflammatory process, leading to gingival irritation.

Contributing Factors

• Accumulation of Debris:
  • Food debris, material alba, and bacterial plaque often accumulate around and beneath the free gingival tissue. This accumulation can partially cover the crown of the erupting tooth, contributing to inflammation.
• Common Associations:
  • Eruption gingivitis is most frequently associated with the eruption of the first and second permanent molars. The inflammation can be painful and may lead to complications such as:
    • Pericoronitis: Inflammation of the soft tissue surrounding the crown of a partially erupted tooth.
    • Pericoronal Abscess: A localized collection of pus in the pericoronal area, which can result from the inflammatory process.

Clinical Management

• Oral Hygiene:

  • Emphasizing the importance of good oral hygiene practices is crucial during this period. Parents should be encouraged to assist their children in maintaining proper brushing and flossing techniques to minimize plaque accumulation.

• Professional Care:

  • Regular dental check-ups are important to monitor the eruption process and manage any signs of gingivitis or associated complications. Professional cleanings may be necessary to remove plaque and debris.

• Symptomatic Relief:

  • If the child experiences pain or discomfort, topical analgesics or anti-inflammatory medications may be recommended to alleviate symptoms.