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Physiology NEET MDS Practice Test
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Physiology - 3 Questions

1
Physiology

What is the primary mechanism by which the stomach protects itself from self-digestion by its own enzymes?
1) Mucus secretion by gastric mucosal cells
2) Presence of intrinsic factor in the gastric juice
3) High concentration of bicarbonate in gastric juice
4) Low pH of gastric juice inhibiting its own enzymes
E) The mucosal lining is impermeable to H+ ions

📝 Explanation:

The stomach protects itself from the harsh acidic environment and its own digestive enzymes through the secretion of a thick layer of mucus by mucosal cells. This mucus barrier forms a physical and chemical barrier that shields the underlying tissue from the acid and pepsin. Additionally, the stomach lining has a high turnover rate and is continuously regenerated, and the enzymes in the gastric juice are inactive until they come into contact with food.

2
Physiology

The physiological capacity of the bladder, at which micturition is normally effected, ranges between:
1) 150 ml - 250 ml
2) 250 ml - 450 ml
3) 450 ml - 750 ml
4) 750 ml - 1000 ml

📝 Explanation:

The physiological capacity of the bladder is the maximum intravesical volume tolerated without undue discomfort. It is usually between 250 and 450 ml. The bladder can stretch to hold more urine, but this is considered beyond the normal physiological capacity and can cause discomfort.

3
Physiology
What is the role of the corpus luteum in the second half of the menstrual cycle?
1) It secretes FSH
2) It secretes LH
3) It secretes estrogen and progesterone
4) It secretes inhibin

📝 Explanation:

The corpus luteum, which forms after ovulation, secretes estrogen and progesterone. These hormones are essential for preparing the endometrium for potential implantation and supporting early pregnancy.

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