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NEET MDS Quiz - Practice Test
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physiology - 3 Questions

1
Physiology

What is the primary effect of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) on the excitability of a neuron?
1) Depolarization
2) Hyperpolarization
3) No change in excitability
4) Initiation of an action potential

📝 Explanation:

Answer: 1) Depolarization
Explanation: EPSPs occur when the neurotransmitter binds to postsynaptic receptors that open sodium channels, allowing sodium ions to flow into the neuron and causing the membrane to depolarize. This increases the excitability of the neuron, bringing the membrane potential closer to the threshold for action potential firing.

2
Physiology

What is the primary mechanism responsible for the reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the nephron?
1) Sodium-hydrogen exchange
2) Sodium-glucose cotransport
3) Sodium-potassium-2-chloride cotransport
4) Sodium-phosphate cotransport
E) Sodium-chloride symport

📝 Explanation:

The primary mechanism for sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules and collecting ducts is sodium-hydrogen exchange, which occurs through the NHE3 transporter. This allows for the reclamation of sodium while maintaining the acid-base balance by exchanging sodium for hydrogen ions, which are then secreted into the tubular lumen.

3
Physiology

The first sensation of bladder filling occurs at approximately:
1) 150 ml
2) 250 ml
3) 450 ml
4) 750 ml

📝 Explanation:

The first sensation of bladder filling, known as the first sensation of urgency, typically occurs when the bladder is about one-quarter full, which is around 150 ml. This is the point where an individual begins to become aware of the need to urinate.

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