NEET MDS Quiz - Practice Test

1

Medicine

The treatment of choice in pauci immune crescentic glomerulonephritis is
1. Methylprednisolone + cyclophosphamide
2. Oral prednisolone
3. Immunoglobulin
4. Cyclophosphamide

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

📝 Explanation:

Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN) is typically associated with ANCA-associated vasculitis. The standard treatment for this condition involves a combination of high-dose corticosteroids (such as methylprednisolone) and an immunosuppressive agent, most commonly cyclophosphamide, to induce remission. This combined approach is more effective than monotherapy with either agent alone.

2

Medicine

A patient has history of recurrent hemoptysis, truncal obesity and cushingoid habitus and has increased ACTH not suppressible by Dexamethasone suppression test. Which of the following is most likely to be the diagnosis?��
1. Adrenal adenoma
2. Pituitary tumor��
3. Ectopic ACTH secreting tumor
4. Carcinoma thyroid

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

📝 Explanation:

The patient's clinical presentation points to Cushing's syndrome, characterized by truncal obesity and cushingoid habitus. The key diagnostic features leading to the specific diagnosis are:

Increased ACTH levels: Rules out primary adrenal causes like an adrenal adenoma (option 1), where ACTH levels would be suppressed.

Lack of suppression by dexamethasone: In Cushing's disease (pituitary tumor, option 2), high-dose dexamethasone typically suppresses ACTH and cortisol production. The absence of suppression suggests an ectopic source of ACTH.

Recurrent hemoptysis: This symptom (coughing up blood) is a strong indicator of a pulmonary source, such as a small cell lung carcinoma, which is a common cause of ectopic ACTH secretion.

Therefore, an ectopic ACTH-secreting tumor is the most likely diagnosis.

3

Medicine

Horner�s syndrome manifests as
1. Sweating
2. Mydriasis
3. Miosis and ptosis
4. Ptosis and hidrosis

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

📝 Explanation:

Horner's syndrome is a clinical condition caused by damage to the sympathetic nervous system pathways. The classic symptoms are a triad:

Miosis: A constricted pupil due to the unopposed action of the parasympathetic innervation to the pupil.

Ptosis: A droopy eyelid due to the weakness of the superior tarsal muscle.

Anhidrosis: A lack of sweating on the affected side of the face.

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